课64：上下

Lesson 64: Down and Up

这两个词是具有很多很多意思的反义词。 它们是形容词（adj），副词（adv），介词（pre），名词（n），动词（v），短语（phrase）和感叹词或感叹词（exclam / interj）。

These two words are antonyms with many, many, many meanings. They are adjectives (adj), adverbs (adv), prepositions (pre), nouns (n), verbs (v), phrases (phrase), and exclamations or interjections (exclam / interj).

DOWN 往下

down (adv): Moving from a higher to a lower position. 从较高位置移至较低位置。

Examples: The sun was going down in a blaze of orange. 例子：太阳下着橙色的火焰。

Alice bent down to pull some files from a cupboard. 爱丽丝弯下腰从橱柜里拉出一些文件。

Is this lift going down or up? 该升降机是上升还是下降？

down (adv): Moving onto a surface from above. 从上方移动到表面上。

Examples: Frank was sitting down to watch TV, when the doorbell rang. 例子：门铃响起时，弗兰克正坐着看电视。

I would like to lie down for half an hour. 我想躺半个小时。

This shopping bag is heavy, I'll have to put it down for a minute. 这个购物袋很重，我必须放下一分钟。

down (adv): Putting something firmly into a position. 牢固地摆放东西。

Examples: Frank covered his shed roof with corrugated plastic and screwed it down. 例子：弗兰克用波纹状的塑料盖住棚屋的屋顶并拧紧。

The soldiers stood at attention, holding their rifles down by their sides. 士兵们站了起来，把步枪放在身边。

down (adv): Moving towards a smaller amount. 向较小的数量发展。

Examples: Interest rates are expected to come down next month. 例子：利率有望在下个月下降。

It's chilly in here - can you turn the air conditioning down, please?这里很冷-您能关掉空调吗？

David's soccer team was 2 goals down at lunch-time. 大卫的足球队在午餐时间落后2个进球。

Our sales went down by 3 percent last month. 上个月我们的销售额下降了3％。

down (adv): "To knock / burn / cut something down" = to cause it to fall down, usually damaged. “敲打/燃烧/切掉东西” =使它掉落，通常会损坏。

Examples: The State Government's plan for a new freeway means that 1000 trees will have to be cut down. 例子：州政府的新高速公路计划意味着必须砍伐1000棵树木。

Last night's storm brought down many power cables. 昨晚的暴风雨打断了许多电缆。

The child was knocked down by a car. 那孩子被汽车撞倒了。

The house next to ours burned down in the bushfire, but ours was OK. 我们家旁边的房子在丛林大火中烧毁了，但我们还可以。

down (adv): "To put / take something down" = to write it on paper or type it into a computer. “放/放东西” =将其写在纸上或输入计算机。

Examples: Do you have the instructions down on paper, or were you just told how to do it? 示例：您是否将说明写在纸上，或者只是被告知如何做？

John likes to write things down, so he doesn't forget them. 约翰喜欢写下来，所以他不会忘记。

The only appointment I've got down in my diary is a meeting on the 12th. 我在日记中唯一遇到的约会是12日举行的一次会议。

Please put your objections down on paper. 请把反对意见写在纸上。

down (adv): "To put somebody down for" = to write down what they want to buy or do. “放下某人的心” =写下他们想要购买或做的事情。

Examples: I've put you down for three lottery tickets. 例子：我给你开了三张彩票。

I've got you down for a ten-minute presentation at 11:00. 我要您在11:00进行十分钟的演讲。

down (adv): Used to show that a place is some distance away. 用来表明某个地方相距一定距离。

Examples: There's a lovely restaurant down by the harbour. 例子：港口附近有一家可爱的餐厅。

Fred went down to the shop to buy some milk. 弗雷德去商店买牛奶。

It's a lot cooler down in Tasmania. 塔斯马尼亚州的天气要凉爽得多。

Last weekend we went down to Frankston beach to see sand sculptures. 上周末，我们去了弗兰克斯顿海滩看沙雕。

down (adv): From an older time to a more recent time. 从较旧的时间到较新的时间。

Examples: Muriel's tableware has been handed down through three generations. 示例：Muriel的餐具已经传承了三代。

Greek myths have come down to us from the 18th century BC. 希腊神话从公元前18世纪开始传承给我们。

down (adv): "To go down on" = to give oral sex. “继续下去” =做口交。

Example: The masseuse was asked by her client to go down on him, but refused because it is illegal. 例子：女按摩师被她的委托人要求拒绝他，但由于违法而被拒绝。

down (adv): Inside your stomach. 肚子里。

Examples: Muriel had a bad bout of influenza, and couldn't keep anything down. 例子：穆里尔患上了严重的流感，无法保持任何状态。

David was cold and exhausted after the race, but felt better once he got some hot soup down him. 大卫在比赛后感到寒冷，精疲力尽，但是一旦他喝了些热汤，他的身体就会好起来。

down (adv): As a deposit, when you buy something. 作为定金，当您购买东西时。

Examples: Fred paid $500 down, and paid the rest in instalments. 示例：Fred支付了$ 500的首付，其余的分期付款。

You can buy a new house in an outer suburb for just 10% down. 您可以在郊区购买新房，仅需10％的首付。

down (adv): "To be down on somebody" = to criticise them [US: criticize]. “贬低某人” =批评他们[美国：批评]。

Examples: Many people are down on the new Prime Minister, although he's been in the job just two months. 例子：尽管新任总理仅上任两个月，但许多人不愿接受新任总理。

Footy lovers are down on a Greater Western Sydney player, for bad behaviour during matches. 狂热的恋人不喜欢悉尼大西部地区的一名球员，因为比赛中有不良行为。

down (adv): "To come down in the world" = to lose your wealth, or your social position. “跌倒世界” =失去您的财富或社会地位。

Examples: A friend of Betty's has come down in the world since losing her highly-paid job. 例子：Betty的一个朋友自从失去了高薪工作以来就落下了脚。

The squatters in the house next to Frank are people who have come down in the world. 弗兰克旁边的房子里的棚户区是世界上堕落的人。

down (adv): [SL]: "Down under" = In or towards Australia or New Zealand. “往下走” =进入或进入澳大利亚或新西兰。

Examples: Many English people migrated down under after the Second World War. 例子：第二次世界大战后，许多英国人移民到这里。

Jan has a visa to work down under for three years. Jan的签证可以工作三年以下。

down (adv): "Be down to someone" = to be someone's responsibility. “归于某人” =成为某人的责任。

Examples: It's down to Fred to keep the stock record up to date. 示例：由Fred来保持库存记录是最新的。

It's down to staff who are ill to inform their employer and stay at home. 这取决于病假的员工告知雇主并留在家里。

down (adv): "Be down to something" = to be the result of something. “归于某物” =某物的结果。

Example: The company's poor sales results are put down to competition from online retailers. 示例：该公司糟糕的销售业绩归结于在线零售商的竞争。

down (v): To defeat someone, especially in a sports match. 击败某人，尤指在体育比赛中。

Examples: In the Rugby World Cup, Uruguay downed Fiji 30-27. 例如：在橄榄球世界杯上，乌拉圭以30-27击败了斐济。

In the boxing match, David downed his opponent in the first round. 在拳击比赛中，戴维在第一轮击败了对手。

down (v): To cause someone or something to fall to the ground. 使某人或某物掉落到地面。

Examples: The storm downed trees and power lines all over Victoria. 例子：暴风雨使整个维多利亚州的树木和电线倒塌。

The Iranian Air Force claimed to have downed two US drones. 伊朗空军声称击落了两架美国无人机。

down (v): To eat or drink something quickly. 快吃或喝点东西。

Examples: Fred was thirsty, and downed his beer in just a few seconds. 例子：弗雷德渴了，只用了几秒钟就倒了啤酒。

Frank downed a glass of water and went back to his painting. 弗兰克倒下一杯水，回到他的画作上。

down (v): "To down tools" = to stop working, usually for reasons of safety, or because you are not satisfied with pay or conditions. “为了维修工具” =通常出于安全原因或因为您对薪资或条件不满意而停止工作。

Example: The staff are threatening to down tools if their pay offer is not increased to eight percent. 示例：如果员工的薪水未提高到8％，则威胁要关闭工具。

down (interj): "Down with someone / something!" = A demand that the person or thing should have their power removed. “和某人/某物一起下来！” =要求将人或物的权力移开。

Example: "Down with America!" is a popular chant in many countries around the world. 示例：“与美国同行！” 在世界许多国家/地区都广受欢迎。

down (adv): "Down with" = being affected by an illness. “沮丧” =受疾病影响。

Example: Fred has been down with a cold for a week. 例子：弗雷德感冒了一个星期。

down (pre): Shows movement from a higher place to a lower place. 显示从较高位置到较低位置的移动。
Examples: The children rolled down the hill. 例子：孩子们滚下山坡。

down (pre): Same meaning as the preposition "Along". 与介词“ 沿”含义相同。

Examples: We drove down the middle lane of the freeway. 我们沿着高速公路的中间车道行驶。

Our house is just down this street. 我们的房子就在这条街上。

down (pre): "Down the drain" / "Down the gurgler" / "Down the toilet" = something of value spoiled or wasted. “不劳而获” /“抢劫者” /“上厕所” =破坏或浪费了一些有价值的东西。

Examples: Repairing their old car is just money down the drain. 例子：修理他们的旧车只是花光了钱。

If this invention doesn't sell, that will be $10 million worth in development costs down the toilet. 如果这项发明不出售，那将是价值1000万美元的开发费用。

down (pre): "Down the track" = in the future.“顺其自然”=将来。

Examples: Three years down the track, these tax cuts should have a good effect on the economy. 示例：在三年的时间里，这些减税措施应会对经济产生良好的影响。

Electric cars are available in Australia now, but a country-wide charging network for them is a long way down the track. 电动汽车现在在澳大利亚有售，但要在全国范围内为它们充电网络还有很长的路要走。

down (pre): "Down somebody's way" = in a place where somebody lives. “沿着某人的路走” =在某人居住的地方。

Examples: Down our way there aren't many good restaurants. 示例：沿途没有很多好的餐厅。

It's very peaceful down their way. 他们的道路非常和平。

down (n): Small soft feathers, especially those from a young bird. (pl): down. 小而柔软的羽毛，尤其是幼鸟的羽毛。（pl）：绒毛。

Examples: John's new jacket has a filling of duck down. 例子：约翰的新外套充满了鸭绒感。

Muriel bought a new quilt, filled with down, for winter. 穆里尔在冬天买了一块新棉被，里面装满了绒毛。

down (n): Very soft thin hair. 非常柔软的稀疏头发。

Examples: John kissed the down above Yan's top lip. 例子：约翰亲吻了艳燕的上唇下方的嘴唇。

Lanugo is a down that sometimes appears on newly-born babies; it disappears within weeks. Lanugo是一种氄，有时会出现在新生婴儿上。 它会在几周内消失。

down (n): "Have a down on" = to dislike someone. “压低” =不喜欢某人。

Examples: Why do you have a down on my girlfriend? She's really lovely. 例子：为什么你对我的女朋友很失望？ 她真的很可爱。

The public have a down on the Government's Carbon Reduction Plan. 公众反对政府的减碳计划。

down (adj): Unhappy, unenthusiastic. 不开心，不热情。

Examples: She's been really down since getting divorced. 自从离婚以来，她已经真的忧伤了。

You look like you're a bit down. What's the matter? 您看起来有点沮丧。 怎么了？

David felt a little bit down after a difficult Statistical methods exam. 经过艰难的统计方法考试后，David感到有些沮丧。

down (adj): For a machine, not working. 对于机器，不工作。

Examples: Our computer system's down! 示例：我们的计算机系统出现故障！

Our website was down all morning due to an equipment failure. 由于设备故障，我们的网站整个上午都关闭了。

The bank's network was down so we couldn't check our balance. 银行的网络已关闭，因此我们无法检查余额。

down (adj): "To kick someone when they're down" = to take unfair advantage of someone when they are in a weak position. “在某人情绪低落时踢他某人” =在某人处于弱势地位时利用某人的不正当优势。

Examples: Politics is a nasty business. Your rivals like to kick you when you're down. 示例：政治是令人讨厌的事情。 当您情绪低落时，您的竞争对手喜欢踢您。

Our local soccer team have not done well this season, and the local newspaper has been kicking them when they're down. 我们当地的足球队本赛季表现不佳，当地报纸一直在他们情绪低落时踢他们。

UP 截至

up (adv): Moving from a lower to a higher position. 从较低的位置移动到较高的位置。

Examples: The sun was coming up in a blaze of red. 例子：太阳升起红色的火焰。

Alice reached up to pull some files from a cupboard. 爱丽丝伸手从柜子里拉一些文件。

Is this lift going down or up? 该升降机是上升还是下降？

up (adv): Out of the ground. 脱离地面。

Example: Frank spent the morning digging up potatoes. 例子：弗兰克花了整个早上挖土豆。

up (adv): In a high position. 处于高位。

Examples: The equipment that needs replacing is up on the 47th floor. 示例：需要更换的设备位于47层。

These boxes all need to be taken up to the storeroom. 这些箱子都需要拿到储藏室。

up (adv): Very near to. 非常接近。

Examples: Fred walked up to the front counter and spoke to the receptionist. 例子：弗雷德走到前台，向接待员讲话。

A taxi drew up outside Yan's apartment. 出租车在艳家的公寓外面停了下来。

up (adv): In or into a vertical position. 处于或进入垂直位置。

Examples: Please stand up and accept this award. 示例：请站起来接受这个奖项。

Fred hung some clothes up to dry. 弗雷德把衣服晾干了。

up (adv): Putting something firmly into a position. 牢固地摆放东西。

Examples: Frank covered the sides of his shed with cement sheet and nailed it up. 例子：弗兰克用水泥板盖住了棚子的侧面，并用钉子钉好了。

The child held his hand up to ask the teacher a question. 孩子举起手来问老师一个问题。

up (adv): "To get worked up" = to get more excited, or more angry, about something. “努力工作” =使某件事变得更兴奋或更愤怒。

Example: Don't get worked up about that letter from your bank - I'm sure it's a misunderstanding. 示例：不要为您的银行那封信而烦恼-我确信这是一个误会。

up (adv): Not in bed. 没在床上。

Examples: "Frank, it's time to get up!" said Muriel. 示例：“坦率地说，该起床了！” 穆里尔说。

Fred was up all night having a knees-up. 弗雷德整晚抬起头来。

up (adj): "To be up and about" = to have recovered enough from an illness to get out of bed and move around. “起床转转” =从疾病中恢复过来足以起床并四处走动。

Example: Muriel had influenza for a month, but is up and about now. 示例：穆里尔感染了一个月的流感，但现在已经开始流行了。

up (adv): Moving towards a larger amount. 向更大的方向发展。

Examples: Interest rates are expected to go up next month. 示例：预计下个月利率会上升。

It's hot in here - can you turn the air conditioning up, please? 这里很热-请给我开空调吗？

David's soccer team was 2 goals up at half-time. 大卫的足球队在中场休息时进了2个进球。

Our sales went up by 3 percent last month. 上个月我们的销售额增长了3％。

up (v): "Set up" / "Come up" / "Coming up" / Bring up" = to bring into existence, or into people's view. “建立” /“加入” /“即将出现” /“产生” =使存在或进入人们的视野。

Examples: The Catholic Church set up an office to assess claims of sexual abuse. 示例：天主教会设立了一个办公室，以评估性虐待的指控。

Something unexpected came up at the meeting. 会议上出现了意外情况。

Your name came up at the meeting, when we were discussing a new programming job. 在我们讨论新的编程工作时，您的名字出现在会议上。

A job in the maintenance department has come up. 维修部门出现了工作。

"Coming up after the news, a program on healthy eating." said the TV newsreader. “这个消息来了，一个健康饮食计划。” 电视新闻阅读器说。

Sandra wants to bring up the issue of staffing levels at the meeting. Sandra希望在会议上提出人员配备的问题。

Our friends are planning to set up their own business. 我们的朋友正计划建立自己的业务。

up (adv): "Catch up" / "Keep up" = So as to be equal in achievement or quality. “追赶” /“跟上” =等于成就或质量。

Examples: I need to work late tonight, to catch up with some paperwork. 例子：我需要今晚下班，以赶上一些文书工作。

Their business is so successful, it's difficult for them to keep up with the demand. 他们的业务是如此成功，以至于他们很难跟上需求。

Fred plans to catch up on some sleep this weekend. 弗雷德计划本周末睡个好觉。

Back at school after illness, the girl needs to catch up. 生病后回到学校，这个女孩需要赶上来。

Quantum computing is developing so quickly, it's difficult to keep up with the research. 量子计算发展如此之快，很难跟上这项研究的步伐。

Because of their poor English, the students find it difficult to keep up with the rest of the class. 由于英语水平差，学生很难跟上班上其他同学的步伐。

up (adv): "Gather up" / "Add up" = Being together with other similar things. “聚在一起” /“加在一起” =与其他类似事物在一起。

Examples: Please add up this column of numbers, twice as a check. 示例：请把这列数字加起来，两次检查。

Just give me 5 minutes to gather up a few things, then we can go. 请给我5分钟的时间来整理几件事，然后我们就可以开始了。

If you save just $ 20 each week, it quickly adds up. 如果您每周仅节省20美元，它很快就会累加起来。

Muriel gathered up her grandchildrens' toys, scattered around the floor. 穆里尔收集了她孙子的玩具，这些玩具散落在地板上。

up (adv): "Tie up" / "Wrap up" / "Do up" = Secure tightly or firmly to keep something safe. “绑紧” /“包裹” /“完成” =牢固或牢固，以确保物品安全。

Examples: It's cold today, you'd better wrap up. 例子：今天很冷，你最好总结一下。

Tie up the top of the rubbish bag so the rubbish doesn't fall out into the bin. 将垃圾袋的顶部绑起来，以免垃圾掉进垃圾箱。

Doing up their shoelaces is difficult for some people. 对某些人来说，修鞋带很困难。

Do your laces up or you'll trip over. 系好鞋带，否则您将绊倒。

Wrap up anything breakable before putting it in your luggage. 将易碎物品包好后再放入行李箱。

John tied up a bundle of old account folders with string. 约翰用绳子捆着一捆旧帐户文件夹。

up (adv): "Cut up" / "Blow up" / Fold up" / "Break up" / "Chop up" / "Smash up" / "Tear up" = Breaking or cutting into smaller pieces. “切开” /“炸毁” /折叠” /“破碎” /“切碎” /“粉碎” /“撕碎” =破碎或切成小块。

Examples: He tore up the letter from his girlfriend. 例子：他撕毁了女友的来信。

After the crash, one car blew up. 撞车后，一辆汽车炸毁了。

The recipe calls for you to chop up some onion and some chilli. 该食谱要求您切碎一些洋葱和一些辣椒。

Muriel broke up a bar of chocolate for her grandchildren. 穆里尔为她的孙子们拆了一块巧克力。

The man folded up the newspaper he had been reading, before getting off the train. 该名男子下车前把他一直在看的报纸折叠起来。

Yan cut up some fruit for her lunch. 艳为午餐准备了一些水果。

The rioting crowd smashed up statues of their ruler. 暴动的人群砸碎了他们统治者的雕像。

up (adv): "Grow up" / "Bring Up" = To a greater age. “成长” /“成长” =达到更大的年龄。

Examples: If you are unemployed, bringing up children is a struggle. 示例：如果您失业，抚养孩子就很困难。

Failure is part of growing up. 失败是成长的一部分。

They decided they'd rather bring their children up in a smaller town. 他们决定宁愿带孩子到一个小城镇去。

up (phrase): To do with a problem or something unusual. 解决问题或不寻常的事情。

Examples: "Something's up" = something unusual is happening. 例如：“出事了” =发生了异常情况。

"What's up?" Alice asked Sandra. "Why are you looking so down?" “这是怎么回事？” 爱丽丝问桑德拉。 “你为什么这么沮丧？”

up (adv): For a period of time, "up" means "finished". 在一段时间内，“升”表示“完成”。

Examples: Suddenly, the time for completing the exam was up. 示例：突然，完成考试的时间到了。

"Your time will be up in 10 minutes." said the masseuse. “您的时间将在10分钟以内。” 女按摩师说。

up (adv): Into an improved position. 进入改善的位置。

Examples: Ten weeks into the competition, David's soccer team had moved up into fourth position. 例子：比赛开始十周后，大卫的足球队上升到了第四位。

One month after her absence from school, the girl was right up with the best kids in the class. 放学后一个月，女孩正和班上最好的孩子在一起。

up (adv): To an end or finish. 结束或结束。

Examples: Betty wound up the meeting with a reminder of issues to follow up. 示例：Betty在会议结束时提醒了要跟进的问题。

We expect corrupt banking executives to end up in prison. 我们预计腐败的银行高管将入狱。

We can finish up the left-over food at lunch tomorrow. 我们明天明天可以吃完剩下的食物。

up (adv): Towards the North. 朝北。

Example: John will be travelling from Melbourne up to Sydney on business next week. 示例：约翰下周将出差从墨尔本前往悉尼。

up (adv): Towards a more important place. 迈向更重要的地方。

Examples: How often do you go up to Melbourne? 示例：您多久去一次墨尔本？

She comes up from Bendigo every fortnight on the train. 她每两个星期从本迪戈站起来。

up (adv): "To put something up" = to move it to a higher place, and probably fasten it there. To publish information on the Internet. “放东西” =将其移至更高的位置，并可能将其固定在该位置。 在互联网上发布信息。

Examples: Muriel took a day to put up the Christmas decorations. 示例：Muriel花了一天的时间装饰圣诞节装饰品。

John put information on his new product up on his website. 约翰在他的网站上发布了有关他的新产品的信息。

up (adv): "To put somebody up" = To provide them with accommodation. “抚养某人” =为他们提供住宿。

Example: I can put you up for a couple of weeks at our place. 例子：我可以在我们家待几个星期。

up (adv): "To put somebody up for / as" = To suggest that somebody takes on a task. “以某人的名义支持” =建议某人承担一项任务。

Examples: I've put you up as the leader of our new project team. 示例：我已任命您担任我们新项目团队的负责人。

Are you really up for promotion? 您真的要晋升吗？

up (adv): "Up for doing something" = Ready and eager to do it. “为做某事而努力” =准备并渴望这样做。

Examples: We're going partying this evening. Are you up for it? 例子：今天晚上我们要去聚会。 你准备好了吗？

After a hard day, Fred wasn't really up for a drink with his friends. 辛苦了一天之后，Fred并没有和他的朋友一起喝酒。

I'm up for organizing the staff picnic, if nobody else wants to do it. 如果没有其他人愿意，我愿意组织员工野餐。

up (adv): On trial in a Court. 在法院审判中。

Examples: The woman known as "The Black Widow" is up on a second murder charge. 范例：被称为“黑寡妇”的女人因第二起谋杀罪被起诉。

If you don't want to pay this fine, you can go up before a magistrate and argue your case. 如果您不想支付这笔罚款，您可以在治安法官面前上法庭辩论您的案件。

up (adv): For a road, being repaired. 对于一条道路，正在修理中。

Example: The local Water Board has got our street up to replace the water main. 示例：当地的水务局让我们上街以更换自来水总管。

up (adv): For hair, arranged on the top or back of your head. 对于头发，排列在头部的顶部或背面。

Example: Yan looks beautiful with her hair up. 例子：艳燕的头发看起来很漂亮。

up (adv): Used to show that a place is some distance away. 用来表明某个地方相距一定距离。

Examples: There's a lovely restaurant up in the hills. 示例：山上有一家可爱的餐厅。

It's a lot warmer up in Queensland. 昆士兰州的天气越来越热。

up (adv): "To go up in the world" = to increase your wealth, or your social position. “走向世界” =增加您的财富或社会地位。

Example: A friend of Betty's has gone up in the world since gaining a highly-paid job. 示例：自从获得高薪工作以来，贝蒂的一个朋友已成长为世界。

up (adv): "Be up to (someone)" = to be (someone's) responsibility. “由(某人)承担” = (某人的责任)。

Example: It's up to Fred to keep the stock record up to date. 示例：由Fred来保持库存记录是最新的。

It's up to staff who are ill to inform their employer and stay at home. 由生病的员工告知雇主并留在家里。

up (adv): "Be up to (something)" = to be planning some act, which at present is a secret. “达到(某物)” =正在计划一些行动，目前这是个秘密。

Example: Muriel was certain her grandchildren were up to something. 例子：穆里尔确信她的孙子有能力做到。

up (v): "To up the ante" = to increase the chance of conflict, or possibility, or risk of doing something. “提高赌注” =增加冲突或可能性的可能性，或增加做某事的风险。

Examples: The milk processor was considering a takeover bid, then another bidder upped the ante. 示例：牛奶加工商正在考虑收购要约，然后另一个竞标者提高了赌注。

Having established our new business, we shall up the ante by diversifying and raising our prices. 建立新业务后，我们将通过多样化和提高价格来提高赌注。

Playing poker with friends, Fred drew such a good hand he decided to up the ante. 弗雷德和朋友一起玩扑克，他的手非常好，因此他决定加注赌注。

up (v): "To take up" = to begin doing an activity regularly. “承担” =定期开始一项活动。

To consume space or time. 浪费时间或空间。

To accept a proposal. 接受提案。

To shorten something by hemming it. 通过包边来缩短东西。

To remove the surface of a road. 去除道路表面。

Examples: Frank took up jogging when running became too hard for him. 例子：弗兰克在跑步变得对他来说太难的时候开始慢跑。

The meeting took up most of the morning. 会议占了整个上午的大部分时间。

The executive took up a new position as CEO of a bank. 高管担任银行首席执行官一职。

Sandra's new jeans were a bit long, so she had them taken up. Sandra的新牛仔裤有点长，所以她把它们收好了。

One of our local roads had been repaired so often, the Roads Board took it up and re-sealed it. 我们当地的一条公路经常被修理过，公路委员会把它收起来重新密封。

up (interj): "Up with (someone / something)!" = A demand that the person or thing should have their power increased. “和(某人/某物)在一起！” =要求增加人或事的能力。

Examples: "Up with Gittins for Prime Minister!" 例如：“与基廷斯一起担任总理！”

"Down with capitalism! Up with the Labor Party!" “随着资本主义而下降！随着工党而上升！”

up (pre): Shows movement from a lower place to a higher place. 显示从较低位置到较高位置的移动。

Examples: The two girls walked up the stairs. 例子：两个女孩走上楼梯。

A flock of cockatoos flew up into the air. 一群凤头鹦鹉飞向空中。

up (pre): Same meaning as the preposition "Along". 与介词“ Along”含义相同。

Examples: We drove up the middle lane of the freeway. 示例：我们沿着高速公路的中间车道行驶。

Our house is just up this street. 我们的房子就在这条街上。

up (pre): "Up and down" = along a surface, first in one direction, then in the opposite direction. “上下” =沿着表面，首先在一个方向上，然后在相反的方向上。

Examples: He was running up and down the street, shouting. 例子：他在街上跑来跑去，大喊大叫。

The motorcyclist was driving up and down a path meant only for pedestrians and cyclists. 摩托车手在仅适合行人和骑车人的道路上行驶。

up (pre): "Up in smoke" = something of value spoiled or wasted. “烟熏” =价值物被破坏或浪费。

Examples: There was an explosion at the factory and the entire place went up in smoke. 例如：工厂发生爆炸，整个地方烟熏起来。

If this invention doesn't sell, that will be $10 million worth in development costs up in smoke. 如果这项发明不出售，那将是价值1000万美元的开发成本。

up (pre): At the top of. 在顶部。

Examples: His apartment is up those steps to your left. 例子：他的公寓就在那些台阶向左的位置。

Access to the equipment on the roof is up that ladder. 屋顶上的设备可以进入该梯子。

Their house is up a steep track through bushland. 他们的房子在灌木丛中驰陡。

The Australian flag was halfway up the flagpole (at "half-mast"). 澳大利亚国旗位于旗杆的中间（在“半桅杆”处）。

The young boy had to be rescued from up a tree. 这个小男孩必须从树上救出。

up (pre): "Up (somebody's) way" = in a place where (somebody) lives. “朝某人的方向走” =在某人居住的地方。

Examples: Up our way there aren't many good restaurants. 例子：顺便说一下，没有很多好的餐厅。

It's very peaceful up their way. 他们的生活非常和平。

up (adj): Happy, enthusiastic. 快乐，热情。

Examples: She's been really up since she found a boyfriend. 例子：自从找到男朋友以来，她真的很舒服。

You're looking very up today! What's the news? 您今天看起来很好！ 有什么新的消息？

up (adj): For a machine, working as expected. Also, "up and running". 对于机器，按预期工作。 另外，“启动并运行”。

Examples: Our computer system's up! 示例：我们的计算机系统已启动！

After a morning spent replacing equipment, our website is now up and running again. 在花了一个早上更换设备后，我们的网站现在重新启动并运行。

The bank's network came back up in the afternoon, so we could check our balance then. 银行的网络在下午恢复，因此我们可以检查余额。

up (adj): "To be up yourself" = to think that you are better and more important than other people. “自我完善” =认为自己比别人更好，更重要。

Example: She's so up herself since she got promoted, she's a real pain in the bum. [SL: bottom, buttocks]. 例子：自从被提拔以来，她已经很生气了，她实在是个痛。 [SL：底部，臀部]。

up (interj): "Up yours" = a rude phrase used to show that you very much dislike someone, or the thing that someone has just said or done. An abbreviation of "Stick it up your arse!" 用来表示您非常不喜欢某人或某人刚刚说过或做过的事情的粗鲁短语。 缩写“加油！”

Example: Ernie: "Come on Bert, can't you lift it a bit higher? Bloody weakling!" Bert: "Up yours, mate!" 例如：厄尼：“来吧，伯特，你不能把它抬高一点吗？该死的弱点！” 伯特：“起来吧，伙计！”

up (adj): "Up in arms" = angry or upset. “武装起来” =生气或沮丧。

Examples: The union is up in arms over the reduction in annual leave allowances. 例子：工会为减少年假津贴而大为准备。

Commuters were up in arms when a sudden strike shut down the public transport system. 突如其来的罢工关闭了公共交通系统，通勤者们齐心协力。

up (adv): "Up to (a limit)" (for numbers and amounts) = an approximate value, not more than (limit). “不超过(限制)”（对于数字和金额）=近似值，不超过(限制)。

Examples: You are allowed to park in this area for up to 3 hours on weekdays. 示例：在工作日，您最多可以在此区域停车3个小时。

Add all these numbers, up to the eighth one. 将所有这些数字相加，直到第八个数字。

up (adj): "On the up and up" = improving all the time. “不断进步” =一直在进步。

Examples: Her career has been on the up and up since she moved into marketing. 例子：自从她进入市场以来，她的职业生涯一直在不断发展。

The political party's popularity has been on the up and up since they lowered tax rates. 自从降低税率以来，政党的知名度一直在上升。

up (adj): "Up the creek" = in trouble. “上河了” =遇到麻烦了。

Examples: If any more people leave this company, we'll be really up the creek. 示例：如果有更多人离开这家公司，那么我们真的要走了。

If that motor breaks down, we'll be up the creek, this far from any town. 如果马达故障，我们将在远离任何城镇的小河上爬。

up (adj): "Up to scratch / up to snuff" = of an acceptable standard. “从头开始/至鼻烟”= 可接受的标准。

Examples: Your last essay wasn't up to scratch. 例子：你的最后一篇文章还没有定论。

Fred was told that his work didn't come up to scratch. 弗雷德被告知他的工作还没有完成。

up (adj): "Up for grabs" = available and ready to be taken. “争夺战” = 可用，随时可以使用。

Examples: In the Royal Melbourne Hospital lottery, there are thousands of prizes up for grabs. 示例：在皇家墨尔本医院彩票中，有成千上万的奖品可供争夺。

In the Rugby final this year, one team is so much better, the prize is up for them to grab. 在今年的橄榄球决赛中，一支球队的表现要好得多，他们所能获得的奖杯更多。

up (adj): "Up in the air" = uncertain. “悬而未决” =不确定。

Examples: The whole future of the project is still up in the air. 示例：该项目的整个未来仍然悬而未决。

The jury could not reach a decision, so the case remains up in the air. 陪审团无法做出决定，因此案件悬而未决。

谁会想到这么短的单词有那么多含义！

Who would think that such a short word has so many meanings!