课时 158：更多具有多种含义的单词：Q-R

Lesson 158: More Words with Many Meanings: Q-R

There is a change in this lesson and the ones that follow it. 本课和随后的课有一个变化。

Verbs are shown with the Passive Voice added (past tense only). 显示添加了被动语态的动词（仅过去时）。

For example,

question (v), questions, questioning, questioned becomes:

question (v), questions, questioning, questioned, was questioned.

例如，

问题（v），问题，质疑，质疑变为：

问题（v），问题，质疑，质疑，被质疑。

Also passive voice examples are given.

QUESTION 问题 / 质疑 / 课题

question (n), questions (pl): A sentence or phrase used to find information. 用于查找信息的句子或短语。

Examples: The police asked the suspected murderer questions all night. 例子： 警察整晚都在询问凶手嫌疑人。

Why won't you answer my question? 你为什么不回答我的问题？

The politician carefully avoided answering the reporter's questions. 这位政客小心翼翼地避免回答记者的问题。

Yan asked a question at the ticket office, about the time of the next train. 艳在售票处询问了下一趟车的时间。

Unfortunately I completely misunderstood the question. 不幸的是我完全误解了这个问题。

Many questions at the news conference were not relevant. 新闻发布会上的许多问题都是不相关的。

You can find answers to almost any question on the Internet. 您几乎可以在互联网上找到任何问题的答案。

Every household received a leaflet answering questions about the Referendum. 每个家庭都会收到一份传单，回答有关公投的问题。

question (n): In an exam, a problem that tests your knowledge or ability. 在考试中，测试您的知识或能力的问题。

Examples: In this part of the exam, do as many questions as you can. 示例：在这部分考试中，尽可能多地做题。

The test for a Driver's Licence involves 30 multiple-choice questions. 驾驶执照考试包含 30 道多项选择题。

question (n): Any matter that needs to be thought about or dealt with. 任何需要考虑或处理的事情。

Examples: The question of wage theft keeps coming up. 示例：克扣工资的问题不断出现。

Affordable housing is a politically difficult question. 经济适用房是一个政治难题。

What are your views on the climate change question? 您对气候变化问题有何看法？

question (n): Doubt or confusion. 怀疑或困惑。

Examples: There's no question about (= it is certain) climate change being caused by levels of carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere. 毫无疑问（=这是肯定的）气候变化是由大气中二氧化碳和甲烷的含量引起的。

Whether social media is good or bad is open to question (= there is some doubt about it). 社交媒体是好是坏还有待商榷（=对此存在一些疑问）。

Alice's competence is beyond question (= there is no doubt about it). 爱丽丝的能力是毋庸置疑的（=毫无疑问）。

"in question" = The person or thing that is being discussed. 正在讨论的人或事。

Examples: The accused person told the Police he was at home on the night in question. 被告告诉警方，当晚他在家。

She posted a video of herself holding the item in question. 她发布了一段自己拿着有问题物品的视频。

Fred says he's not responsible for the disappearance of the object in question. 弗雷德说他对相关物体的失踪不负有责任。

The woman in question is the billionaire's sole surviving child, and therefore is the target of many "gold-seeking" men. 这位女士是亿万富翁唯一幸存的孩子，因此是许多“淘金”男人的目标。

The population shrank by 1.6 percent during the period in question. 在此期间，人口减少了 1.6%。

"That's a good question." = A reply to a question when you don't know the answer. 当您不知道答案时对问题的答复。

Example: "What happened to the pack of cards?" asked Bert. "That's a good question" said Ernie. 例如：“这副纸牌怎么了？” 伯特问道。 “这是个好问题，”厄尼说。

"Full of questions" = Wanting answers to many questions. 想要很多问题的答案。

Example: when the famous footy player visited our local club, the children there were full of questions. 例如：当著名的足球运动员参观我们当地的俱乐部时，那里的孩子们充满了疑问。

"question mark" = The English character "?", put at the end of a sentence to indicate a question. 英文字符“?”，放在句末表示疑问句。

Example: you learned about question-marks in Lesson 2 and you have seen many examples since then. 示例：您在第 2 课中了解了问号，从那时起您已经看到了很多示例。

"question time" = A part of a Parliamentary day, when the Prime Minister and other ministers are asked questions about their policies. 议会日的一部分，总理和其他部长被问及有关他们的政策的问题。

Example: Question Time can be childish and noisy. 示例：提问时间可能很幼稚且吵闹。

"question-and-answer session" = A period when people can ask questions. 人们可以提出问题的时期。

Example: There will be a question-and-answer session at the end of the talk. 示例：演讲结束后将进行问答环节。

question (v), questions, questioning, questioned, was questioned: To ask questions of someone. 向某人提问。

Example: Yan questioned a railway employee at the ticket office, about the time of the next train. 示例：艳向售票处的铁路工作人员询问下一趟火车的时间。

(Passive voice examples): 被动语态示例:A man is being questioned by Police about the murder. 示例：一名男子正在接受警方关于谋杀案的讯问。

During the corruption enquiry, 5 politicians were questioned in detail, for hours. 在腐败调查期间，5 名政客接受了长达数小时的详细询问。

QUEUE 队列 / 排队 / 顺序 / 辫

queue (n), queues (pl): A line of people waiting for something. 一群人在等待着什么。

Examples: Is this the queue for concert tickets, please? 例如：请问这是在排队买音乐会门票吗？

There was a long queue of traffic stretching down the road. 路上已经排起了长长的车龙。

If you want tickets you'll have to join the queue. 如果你想要门票，就必须加入队列。

The queue for Centrelink assistance stretched around the block. 寻求 Centrelink 援助的队伍排到了整个街区。

In Australia, people are accustomed to forming queues. 在澳大利亚，人们习惯于排队。

A queue of people waited patiently for the tram to arrive. 一群人耐心地等待电车的到来。

Alice was waiting in the bus queue when two men pushed in front of her. 爱丽丝正在公交车队列中等候，两个男人推到了她的前面。

The front of a queue is called the "head". The back is called the "tail". 队列的前面称为“头”。 背部称为“尾巴”。

queue (n): A lot of people who want something.

Examples: There's a queue of countries who want to join NATO (the European defence alliance.) 示例：有很多国家想要加入北约（欧洲防务联盟）。

There's a queue of companies wanting to use AI software. 有很多公司想要使用人工智能软件。

"queue-jumping" = Going to the head of a queue instead of patiently adding yourself to the tail. “跳队列”= 跳到队列的头部，而不是耐心地将自己添加到队列的尾部。

"to jump the queue" = To impatiently go to the head of a queue. “跳队列”=不耐烦地走到队列的前面。

queue (n): A series of data records or files to be printed, waiting to be processed by a computer. 一系列要打印的数据记录或文件，等待计算机处理。

Examples: Sandra deleted her print job from the queue. 示例：Sandra 从队列中删除了她的打印作业。

With our telephone system at work, calls are put in a queue and the callers are told by the computer how many callers are in front of them. 当我们的电话系统投入使用时，呼叫会被放入队列中，计算机会告诉呼叫者有多少呼叫者在他们前面。

queue (n): A data structure consisting of a list of records. 由记录列表组成的数据结构。 Records are added at one end and removed from the other. 记录在一端添加，从另一端删除。

Example: In cases where data can arrive faster than a computer can process it, the computer can be programmed to put it in a queue. 示例：如果数据到达的速度比计算机处理数据的速度快，则可以对计算机进行编程，将其放入队列中。

queue (n): A hairstyle where the front and sides are shaved, and the rest of the hair is gathered up and plaited, hanging down the back. 将前面和两侧的头发剃光，将其余的头发聚起来编成辫子，垂在后面的发型。

Examples: The queue was common in China from the 17th to the 20th century. 例子：从17世纪到20世纪，排队在中国很常见。

Queues are still seen today in native American societies. 今天，在美国原住民社会中仍然可以看到排队的现象。

queue (v), queues, queueing, queued, was queued: To wait in a line of people, often to buy something. 排队的人，常常是为了买东西。

Examples: Dozens of people were queueing up to get tickets. 示例：数十人排队买票。

We had to queue for three hours to get in to the exhibition. 我们排了三个小时的队才进入展览。

The family queued for over an hour to move through Airport Immigration. 一家人排了一个多小时的队才通过机场入境处。

queue (v): To want very much to do something. 非常想要做某事。

Examples: Countries are queueing up to join NATO. 示例：各国正在排队加入北约。

Local companies are queueing for a listing on the ASX (= Australian Stock Exchange). 当地公司正在排队等待在澳大利亚证券交易所（ASX）上市。

queue (v): To arrange something or someone in a queue. 将某事或某人安排在队列中。

Examples: Airports queue people using rope or metal barriers. 示例：机场使用绳索或金属屏障让人们排队。

Our new telephone system queues calls, and tells every caller where they are in the queue. 我们的新电话系统对呼叫进行排队，并告诉每个呼叫者他们在队列中的位置。

Passive Voice example: At airports, people are queued using rope or metal barriers. 被动语态示例：在机场，人们使用绳索或金属屏障排队。

queue (v): To arrange pieces of data or files to be printed, in a queue so they can be processed by a computer. 将要打印的数据或文件排列在队列中，以便计算机可以处理它们。

Example: In the design of his Flight Simulator, John queues data from various levers, switches and buttons so that the computer can process it without overloading. 示例：在他的飞行模拟器的设计中，约翰将来自各种操纵杆、开关和按钮的数据排队，以便计算机可以在不过载的情况下处理它。

QUICK 快的 / 快 / 速 / 灵活

quick (adj), quicker, quickest: Able to do something in a speedy way. 能够以快速的方式做某事。

Example: Electric vehicles are very quick to reach 100 km/h. 示例：电动汽车可以很快达到 100 公里/小时。

quick (adj): Done in a speedy way. 以快速的方式完成。

Example: Alice had a quick look at the instruction book. 示例：爱丽丝快速浏览了说明书。

quick (adj): Occurring close together. 紧密相连发生。

Examples: a quick succession of events made the Stock Market fall. 例子：一系列快速发生的事件导致股市下跌。

The soccer team scored three goals in quick succession. 足球队很快连续进了三个球。

quick (adj): Lasting only a short time. 只持续很短的时间。

Examples: It's a quick journey to the CBD on the freeway. 示例：通过高速公路可以快速到达中央商务区。

Fred had a quick coffee and set off for work. 弗雷德喝了一杯咖啡，然后出发去工作。

quick (adj): Fast in understanding or learning something. 快速理解或学习某事。

Example: Alice is very quick to learn new software. 示例：爱丽丝学习新软件的速度非常快。

"quick-witted" = Clever with conversation. “机智”=善于言谈。

Example: Alice and Sandra are both quick-witted and enjoy talking to each other. 示例：爱丽丝和桑德拉都很机智，喜欢互相交谈。

"quick-thinking" = Reacting to events with speed. “思维敏捷”=对事件做出快速反应。

Example: Sandra's quick thinking stopped an out-of-control program from affecting their database. 示例：桑德拉的敏捷思维阻止了一个失控的程序影响他们的数据库。

"quick-tempered" = Likely to become angry easily. “脾气暴躁”=容易生气。

Example: Frank's neighbour can be quick-tempered, but he is very good at fixing lawnmowers! 示例：弗兰克的邻居脾气暴躁，但他非常擅长修理割草机！

"a quick word" = Speaking for a short time. “a quick word” = 简短地说。

Example: "Can I have a quick word, please?" Betty's boss said to her. 例如：“我可以说句话吗？” 贝蒂的老板对她说道。

"quick as lightning" = Very quickly. “快如闪电”= 非常快。

Example: Quick as lightning, the thief snatched the woman's purse and ran away. 示例：小偷闪电般地抢走了女人的钱包，然后逃跑了。

quick (adj): Moving with speed. 快速移动。

Example: Alice walked with quick steps along the dark street. 示例：爱丽丝沿着黑暗的街道快步走着。

quick (adj): Tending to do something without thinking about its effect. 倾向于做某事而不考虑其效果。

Example: Betty's boss is quick to criticise his staff. 示例：贝蒂的老板很快就批评他的员工。

quick (adj): Something that can be easily prepared. 可以轻松准备的东西。

Example: Fred made a quick breakfast of toast and jam. 示例：弗雷德做了一顿烤面包和果酱的快速早餐。

quick (adj, old-fashioned): Not dead. 没死。

Example: "The quick and the dead" is a phrase used in the Bible, meaning people who are alive and those who are dead. 例如：“生者和死者”是圣经中使用的一个短语，意思是活着的人和死了的人。

quicksand (n) : Sand that moves easily, trapping vehicles and people. 沙子很容易移动，会困住车辆和人员。

Example: Being caught in quicksand is a scary experience, because the more you move, the more you sink into the sand. 例子：陷入流沙是一种可怕的经历，因为你移动得越多，陷进沙子里就越多。

quickly (adv): In a quick way. 以一种快速的方式。

Examples: Sandra quickly stopped an out-of-control program. 示例：桑德拉迅速停止了一个失控的程序。

Bert drove quickly home from the pub. 伯特从酒吧快速开车回家。



Note: many English speakers say "fast" when they mean quickly. 注意：许多说英语的人说“fast”时他们的意思是“快”。Quickly is an adverb and describes verbs, fast is an adjective and describes nouns. Quickly 是副词，描述动词，fast 是形容词，描述名词。Lesson 34 taught you about adverbs. 第 34 课教你副词。

quickness (n): A measure of how quickly something happens. 衡量某件事发生的速度的指标。

Example: Sandra showed exceptional quickness when she stopped an out-of-control program. 示例：桑德拉在停止一个失控的程序时表现出了非凡的速度。

quick (n): A painfully sensitive area of flesh, such as underneath your fingernail. 皮肤上疼痛敏感的区域，例如指甲下面。

Example: Fred often feels nervous and bites his fingernails to the quick. 示例：弗雷德经常感到紧张并咬指甲。

quick (n): Your most sensitive emotions. 你最敏感的情绪。

Example: Sandra was hurt to the quick by a remark about her father. 示例：桑德拉因有关她父亲的言论而受到极大伤害。

"quick-and-dirty" = Something that is done quickly and not in the best way. “quick-and-dirty”= 某件事做得很快，但不是以最好的方式。

Example: Frank used a sticky patch to make a quick-and-dirty repair to his leaking gutter. 示例：弗兰克使用粘性补丁对漏水的排水沟进行了快速而肮脏的修复。

quickening (n) = A time in pregnancy when the baby's movement is first felt. 怀孕期间第一次感觉到宝宝胎动的时期。

Example: Quickening happens usually 16-20 weeks into pregnancy, and can surprise the mother. 示例：胎动通常发生在怀孕 16-20 周时，可能会让母亲感到惊讶。

quick (v): There is no verb "quick". 没有动词“快”。

quick! (interj): Used for telling someone to do something quickly. 用于告诉某人快点做某事。

Example: Quick! Turn off the water so I can fix this leak! 示例：快点！ 关掉水，这样我就可以修复这个泄漏！

QUIT 辞职 / 退出 / 放弃

quit (v), quits, quitting, quitted / quit, was quit: To stop doing something. 停止做某事。

Examples: If you won the lottery, would you quit working? 例如：如果你中了彩票，你会放弃工作吗？

Fred has tried many times to quit smoking. 弗雷德曾多次尝试戒烟。

Quit wasting my time with stupid questions! 别再用愚蠢的问题浪费我的时间了！

Please quit worrying about your exam - you'll be ok! 请不要再担心你的考试了——你会没事的！

Having been banned from driving for 18 months, the salesman was forced to quit his job. 这名推销员被禁止开车 18 个月，被迫辞职。

The TV presenter quit his job to become a farmer. 电视节目主持人辞去了工作，成为一名农民。

Passive voice example: The difficult Council Planning job has been quit very early by everyone who has tried it. 被动语态示例：困难的议会规划工作已经被所有尝试过的人很早就放弃了。

quit (v): To leave a place. 离开一个地方。

Example: The ride-share company "Ola" quit Melbourne after years of losses competing with Uber. 示例：拼车公司“Ola”在与 Uber 竞争多年亏损后退出了墨尔本。

quit (v): To close a program on a computer. 关闭计算机上的程序。

Example: To leave the program, tap Escape, and when a window opens asking you whether to quit any open applications, click Yes. 示例：要离开程序，请点击“退出”，当打开一个窗口询问您是否退出任何打开的应用程序时，请单击“是”。

quit (v): To make full payment of a debt. Usually said as "acquit". 为了全额偿还债务。 通常称为“无罪释放”。

Example: Ernie is happy. He just acquitted his house mortgage. 例如：厄尼很高兴。 他刚刚还清了房屋抵押贷款。

quit (v): To stop working normally. 停止正常工作。

Example: On a flight from Sydney to Melbourne, the left engine quit and we had to make an emergency landing at Ballina. 示例：在从悉尼飞往墨尔本的航班上，左侧发动机熄火，我们不得不紧急降落在巴利纳。

quit (v): To give up in defeat. 因失败而放弃。

Example: The expedition to the South Pole quit because of extremely bad weather. 示例：南极探险队因天气极其恶劣而中止。

quit (n): There is no noun "quit". 没有名词“退出”。

QUIZ 测验 / 提问

quiz (n), quizzes (pl): A game or competition in which you answer questions. 您回答问题的游戏或竞赛。

Examples: The TV show "Mastermind" is basically a quiz. 示例：电视节目“Mastermind”基本上是一个测验。

There are so many inane television quiz shows. 有很多无聊的电视问答节目。

Many pubs have quiz nights once or twice a week. 许多酒吧每周举办一到两次智力问答之夜。

Would you like to pit your wits against (= compete against) our quiz champion? 您想与我们的智力竞赛冠军斗智斗勇吗？

Our quiz team is a bit weak on sport. 我们的测验队在体育方面有点弱。

There will be more documentaries and fewer quiz shows in the autumn season on TV. 秋季电视上的纪录片将会增多，智力问答节目将会减少。

quiz (n): A short, informal test. 一个简短的、非正式的测试。

Example: At work, Fred was given a surprise quiz in emergency fire procedures. 示例：在工作中，弗雷德接受了有关紧急消防程序的意外测验。

quiz (n): A serious questioning. 严肃的质问。

Example: The police gave the suspected murderer a quiz all night. 例：警察对凶手嫌疑人进行了一整夜的测验。

quiz (v), quizzes, quizzing, quizzed, was quizzed: To ask someone questions about something. 向某人询问某事的问题。

Examples: At work, Fred's boss quizzed his team in emergency fire procedures. 示例：在工作中，弗雷德的老板向他的团队询问了紧急消防程序。

Journalists quizzed the Health Minister for an hour about Covid vaccines. 记者就新冠疫苗问题向卫生部长提问了一个小时。

Passive voice examples: A man is being quizzed by Police about the murder. 被动语态示例：一名男子正在接受警方关于谋杀案的询问。

During the corruption inquiry, 5 politicians were quizzed in detail, for hours. 在腐败调查期间，五名政客接受了长达数小时的详细询问。

quiz (v): To look intently at someone. 专心地注视某人。

Example: The reporter's beady eyes quizzed the Health Minister, who seemed to be uncomfortable with the attention. 示例：记者用圆圆的眼睛询问卫生部长，后者似乎对这种关注感到不舒服。

RAIN 雨 / 下雨

rain (n), rains (pl): Water drops that fall from the clouds in the atmosphere. 水滴从云层中落到大气中。

Example: The forecast predicts heavy rain for the entire weekend. 示例：天气预报预测整个周末都会有大雨。

Note that "rain" is usually uncountable. 请注意，“rain”通常是不可数的。 However the plural "rains" is used to refer to rain in general. 然而，复数“rains”通常用来指代雨。

Example: The rains in WA this year have been well below average. 示例：西澳今年的降雨量远低于平均水平。

rain (n): A sudden, heavy occurrence of something, often used in the phrase "a rain of." 某事突然发生、严重发生，常用于短语“a rain of”。

Examples: The volcanic eruption led to a rain of ash and debris across the city. 示例：火山喷发导致整个城市下起火山灰和碎片雨。

A rain of confetti celebrated our team's victory in the championship soccer game. 一场五彩纸屑雨庆祝了我们队在足球锦标赛中的胜利。

rain (n): A period of raining. 一段时期的雨。

Example: The city experienced a week-long rain that caused flooding in some areas. 示例：该市经历了长达一周的降雨，导致部分地区发生洪水。

rain (v), rains, raining, rained, was rained upon: To pour or shower water drops onto something. 将水滴倾倒或喷淋到某物上。

Example: The gardener rained water onto the plants to keep them from wilting. 示例：园丁向植物浇水，防止它们枯萎。

rain (v): To supply a large amount of something. 供应大量的东西。

Example: The community rained support on the families in need after the floods. 示例：洪水过后，社区为有需要的家庭提供了大量支持。

rain (v): Describing a large quantity of something. 形容某物数量较多。

Example: Compliments rained down on the performer after a wonderful show. 示例：一场精彩的表演后，表演者的赞美如雨点般落下。

Passive voice example: Compliments were rained upon the performer after a wonderful show. 被动语态示例：一场精彩的表演后，表演者受到了如雨点般的赞美。

rain (v): To fall or come down quickly and heavily. 快速而沉重地跌倒或摔倒。

Example: Bullets rained around the soldiers as they advanced in the battle. 示例：当士兵们在战斗中前进时，子弹如雨点般落在他们周围。

RAISE 增加 / 提高

raise (v), raises, raising, raised, was raised: To move something to a higher position. 将某物移至更高的位置。

Example: The girl raised her hand to ask a question in class. 例：女孩在课堂上举手提问。

raise (v): To help something grow or develop. 帮助某事物成长或发展。

Examples: Farmers raise crops such as wheat and corn in this region. 示例：该地区的农民种植小麦和玉米等农作物。

Farmers raise cattle on enormous farms, for beef production. 农民在大型农场饲养牛以生产牛肉。

Passive voice example: Beef cattle are raised on enormous farms in Australia's north. 被动语态示例：澳大利亚北部的大型农场饲养着肉牛。

raise (v): To care for and provide guidance to someone, especially children. 照顾某人，特别是儿童并为其提供指导。

Example: Parents want to raise their children to be responsible and kind individuals. 例：父母希望把孩子培养成有责任心、善良的人。

raise (v): To Increase something in quantity, quality, or value. 增加某物的数量、质量或价值。

Example: The company plans to raise the prices of its products next month. 示例：该公司计划下个月提高产品价格。

raise (v): To collect money, resources, or support for a specific purpose. 为特定目的收集资金、资源或支持。

Example: Our community organized a charity event to raise funds for flood relief efforts. 示例：我们的社区组织了一次慈善活动，为洪水救灾工作筹集资金。

Passive Voice example: Funds are being raised for a local charity by our community. 被动语态示例：我们的社区正在为当地慈善机构筹集资金。

raise (v): To start a conversation. 开始对话。

Example: Betty's boss raised concerns about the project's delay during the meeting. 示例：贝蒂的老板在会议期间对项目延迟表示担忧。

raise (v): To promote someone to a higher position or rank. 将某人提升到更高的职位或级别。

Example: After years of hard work, Betty was finally raised to the position of manager. 例子：经过多年的努力，贝蒂终于被提升到经理的职位。

raise (v): To cause an emotional or physical response. 引起情绪或身体反应。

Example: The tense soccer match raised the audience's heart rates. 例：紧张的足球比赛让观众心跳加快。

raise (v): To bring about positive change or progress. 带来积极的改变或进步。

Example: The new educational program aims to raise the quality of teaching. 示例：新的教育计划旨在提高教学质量。

"raise your voice" = To speak more loudly or more forcefully. “提高你的声音”= 大声说话或更有力。

Example: The teacher had to raise her voice to be heard over the noisy class. 示例：老师必须提高声音才能在喧闹的课堂上被听到。

"to raise hell" = To make a disturbance. 去闹事。

Example: The soccer team raised hell when the referee signalled a goal against them. 示例：当裁判示意足球队进球时，足球队大喊大叫。

"to raise eyebrows" = To cause people to be surprised. “引起眉毛”=使人们感到惊讶。

Example: The choice of an ex oil company executive to be Environment Minister raised a few eyebrows. 示例：选择一位前石油公司高管担任环境部长引起了一些人的关注。

"to raise the bar" = To set a higher standard. “提高标准”= 设定更高的标准。

Example: The company's new TV raises the bar for its competitors. 示例：该公司的新电视提高了竞争对手的标准。

raise (n), raises (pl): An increase in an amount, such as an auction bid or a salary. 金额的增加，例如拍卖出价或工资。 Also spelled "rise, rises". 亦作“rise，rises”。

Example: Alice was happy to receive a raise. 示例：爱丽丝很高兴获得加薪。

RATE 速度 / 率 / 费用 / 估价

rate (n), rates (pl): The speed at which something happens, or changes over time. 某事发生或随时间变化的速度。

Example: The rate of inflation has been steadily increasing over the past year. 示例：过去一年，通货膨胀率稳步上升。

rate (n): A measurement of one quantity in relation to another, often expressed as a percentage. 一个量相对于另一个量的测量，通常以百分比表示。

Example: The unemployment rate in Australia dropped by 2% this quarter. 示例：澳大利亚本季度失业率下降了 2%。

rate (n): A charge or fee for a service or use of something. 服务或使用某物的收费或费用。

Examples: The interest rate on mortgages has risen a lot. 例子：抵押贷款利率上升了很多。

We pay council rates four times a year. 我们每年支付四次市政费。

rate (v), rates, rating, rated, was rated: To judge something based on a standard. 根据标准来判断某事。

Example: The company's customer satisfaction rates above industry standards. 示例：该公司的客户满意度高于行业标准。

Passive Voice example: The restaurant was rated as one of the best in Melbourne. 被动语态示例：这家餐厅被评为墨尔本最好的餐厅之一。

rate (v): To estimate something. 估计某事。

Example: Economists rate a strong economy for the upcoming fiscal year. 示例：经济学家对即将到来的财政年度的经济评价为强劲。

rate (v): To have an opinion about something. 对某事有意见。

Example: Yan rates the film "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" as the best film she's ever seen. 示例：艳将电影《卧虎藏龙》评为她看过的最好的电影。

rate (v): To give a value or grade to something. 给某物赋予价值或等级。

Example: The app allows users to rate movies and provide reviews. 示例：该应用程序允许用户对电影进行评分并提供评论。

rate (v): To put a specific charge or tax on something. 对某物征收特定费用或税。

Example: The Government decided to rate cars costing more than $ 75,000 as "luxury", with a higher tax rate. 示例：政府决定将价值超过 75,000 美元的汽车定为“豪华”汽车，税率较高。

Passive Voice example: Cars costing more than $75,000 will be rated as "luxury", with a higher tax rate. 被动语态示例：价格超过 75,000 美元的汽车将被评为“豪华”汽车，税率较高。

rate (v): To measure the value of something. 衡量某物的价值。

Example: This device is used to rate the moisture content in soil samples. 示例：该装置用于评估土壤样品中的水分含量。

REACH 抵达 / 达到 / 范围

reach (n), reaches (pl): A distance that can be achieved. 可以达到的距离。

Examples: The boxer's reach gave him an advantage over most opponents. 示例： 拳击手的触及范围使他比大多数对手具有优势。

The airplane's reach allowed it to fly nonstop from Sydney to London. 飞机的航程使其能够从悉尼直飞伦敦。

The basketball player's long reach made him a formidable defender on the court. 这位篮球运动员的长距离使他成为球场上令人敬畏的防守者。

reach (n): An ability to affect something. 影响某事的能力。

Example: The charity organisation's reach extends to remote villages, providing essential aid. 示例：慈善组织的影响范围延伸到偏远村庄，提供必要的援助。

reach (n): A part of a river or stream. 河流或溪流的一部分。

Example: The fisherman cast his line into a calm reach of the river. 示例：渔夫将鱼线抛入平静的河段。

reach (n): The range within which someone can access or obtain something. 某人可以访问或获取某物的范围。

Example: A new app expanded the reach of online shopping for users in rural areas. 示例：一款新应用扩大了农村地区用户的在线购物范围。

"global reach" = Able to reach every part of the World. “全球影响力”=能够到达世界的每个地方。

Example: The World Food Program (WFP), run by the UN, has a global reach. 示例：由联合国管理的世界粮食计划署 (WFP) 具有全球影响力。

reach (n): An area of knowledge or exploration. 知识或探索的领域。

Example: The Webb Telescope focusses on the outer reaches of the Universe. 示例：韦伯望远镜聚焦于宇宙的外围。

reach (n): The range of emotions or thoughts that a person experiences. 一个人经历的情绪或想法的范围。

Example: The therapy sessions helped her explore the reaches of her past trauma. 示例：治疗课程帮助她探索过去创伤的影响。

reach (n): The goals someone strives to achieve. 某人努力实现的目标。

Example: The CEO spoke about the company's ambitious reach for becoming a leader in sustainable technology. 示例：首席执行官谈到了公司成为可持续技术领导者的雄心勃勃的目标。

reach (v), reaches, reaching, reached, was reached / was reached for: To stretch out or extend to a particular point in space. 伸展或延伸到空间中的特定点。

Example: Alice reached her hand out to grab a book from the shelf. 示例：爱丽丝伸出手从书架上抓起一本书。

reach (v): To successfully achieve a goal. 成功地实现一个目标。

Example: After years of hard work, she finally reached her dream of becoming a doctor. 例：经过多年的努力，她终于实现了成为一名医生的梦想。

reach (v): To arrive at a place, or come closer to it. 到达一个地方，或者接近那个地方。

Example: They reached the mountain summit after a long climb. 例：经过长途攀登，他们到达了山顶。

Passive Voice example: The summit was reached after a long climb. 被动语态示例： 经过漫长的攀登之后到达了山顶。

reach (v): To communicate with someone. 与某人沟通。

Examples: I tried to reach you on your phone, but you didn't answer. 示例：我试图通过电话联系您，但您没有接听。

Despite the time difference, they managed to reach their colleagues in another country. 尽管存在时差，他们还是设法联系到了另一个国家的同事。

reach (v): To have an effect on someone or something. 对某人或某事产生影响。

Example: The news of the crash reached all corners of Ballarat within hours. 示例：事故的消息在数小时内传遍了巴拉瑞特的各个角落。

reach (v): To cover a wide area. 要覆盖广阔的地区。

Example: The satellite signal can reach listeners in most of the South Pacific. 示例：卫星信号可以到达南太平洋大部分地区的听众。

reach (v): To attain a certain state or condition. 达到某种状态或条件。

Examples: The river has reached dangerous levels due to heavy rainfall. 示例：由于强降雨，河流已达到危险水位。

The company reached its sales target for the quarter. 公司完成了本季度的销售目标。

Passive Voice example: The sales target for the quarter was reached by the company. 被动语态示例：公司完成了本季度的销售目标。

reach (v): To go inside or enter a space. 进入或进入一个空间。

Example: The roots of trees reach deep into the soil for water. 例如：树的根深入土壤以获得水。

reach (v): To have a certain value. 要有一定的价值。

Example: The expenses for the project are expected to reach a million dollars. 示例：该项目的费用预计将达到一百万美元。

reach (v): To get to a particular state. 达到特定的状态。

Example: The baby is about to reach the age where they start crawling. 示例：宝宝即将达到开始爬行的年龄。

reach (v): To deliver a hit with force. 以强力击打。

Example: The boxer reached his opponent with a powerful punch to the jaw. 示例：拳击手向对手的下巴猛烈一击。

REASON 原因 / 理性 / 合理

reason (n), reasons (pl): The cause or explanation for an event, action, or phenomenon. 事件、行动或现象的原因或解释。

Example: The reason for the train delay was a signal breakdown. 示例：火车晚点的原因是信号故障。

reason (n): The ability to think logically and rationally. 逻辑和理性思考的能力。

Example: Betty worked on a problem using reason and critical thinking. 示例：贝蒂运用理性和批判性思维解决了一个问题。

reason (n): The motivation or purpose behind an action or decision. 行动或决定背后的动机或目的。

Example: The woman's reason for starting the business was to produce eco-friendly products. 示例：这位女士创业的原因是生产环保产品。

reason (n): An argument used to justify a belief or action. 用于证明信念或行动合理性的论点。

Example: During the debate, the Councillors and the protestors presented their reasons for and against the Council's plans. 示例：在辩论中，议员和抗议者提出了支持和反对议会计划的理由。

reason (n): The state of having sound mental judgment. 具有健全的心理判断的状态。

Example: The man lost his reason after a traumatic incident and needed psychological help. 示例：该男子在遭受创伤事件后失去了理智，需要心理帮助。

reason (n): A cause or motive that prompts someone to act. 促使某人采取行动的原因或动机。

Example: His desire to help others was his reason for volunteering at the homeless shelter. 示例：他希望帮助他人，这是他在无家可归者收容所做志愿者的原因。

reason (n): Good sense or practicality in making decisions. 做出决定时具有良好的判断力或实用性。

Example: Sandra always approaches situations with reason and practical thinking. 示例：桑德拉总是以理性和务实的思维来处理问题。

reason (v), reasons, reasoning, reasoned, was reasoned: To think logically and come to a conclusion. 逻辑思考并得出结论。

Example: After analysing the evidence, the Police reasoned that the crash was an accident. 示例：在分析证据后，警方推断这起事故是一起事故。

Passive voice example: It was reasoned by the Police, after analysing the evidence, that the crash was an accident. 被动语态示例：警方在分析证据后.;推断，这起事故是一起事故。

"well-reasoned" = An explanation based on logic. “合理”=基于逻辑的解释。

Example: Alice presented a well-reasoned suggestion for reorganising the department. 示例：爱丽丝提出了重组部门的合理建议。

reason (v): To use logical arguments to persuade someone. 使用逻辑论证来说服某人。

Example: The speaker tried to reason with the audience by presenting facts and figures. 示例：演讲者试图通过展示事实和数据与听众进行推理。

RECORD 记录 / 记录

record (n), records (pl): A written or electronic account of facts, events, or data. 对事实、事件或数据的书面或电子记录。

Example: Sandra kept a detailed record of all her expenses for the month. 示例：桑德拉详细记录了该月的所有开支。

record (n): The highest achievement or best performance in a particular activity. 特定活动中的最高成就或最佳表现。

Examples: Usain Bolt set a new world record for the 100m sprint. 示例：尤塞恩·博尔特 (Usain Bolt) 创造了 100 米短跑的新世界纪录。

Winning the championship was a record for our local soccer team. 赢得冠军是我们当地足球队的一项纪录。

record (n): A physical representation of sound or visuals stored on some medium such as a tape or CD or memory stick. 存储在磁带、CD 或记忆棒等介质上的声音或视觉效果的物理表示。

Example: Some people prefer vinyl records to CDs. 示例：有些人比 CD 更喜欢黑胶唱片。

record (n): A person's criminal or legal history. 一个人的犯罪或法律历史。

Example: Job applications usually ask for information about any criminal record. 示例：工作申请通常要求提供有关犯罪记录的信息。

record (n): An official document or report of an event or action. 事件或行动的正式文件或报告。

Example: In an Emergency Department of a hospital, a record of medications and actions is kept for every patient. 示例：在医院的急诊科，每个患者都会保存药物和行动记录。

record (n): A past history or documentation of something. 某事物的过去历史或文献。

Examples: The record shows that this building was constructed in 1920. 示例：记录显示该建筑建于 1920 年。

Historians study ancient records to understand past civilizations. 历史学家研究古代记录以了解过去的文明。

record (n): A written document containing legal proceedings or transactions. 包含法律程序或交易的书面文件。

Example: The lawyer reviewed the court record before the trial. 示例：律师在庭审前查阅了法庭记录。

record (n): Evidence or proof of a particular fact or event. 特定事实或事件的证据或证明。

Example: The DNA analysis served as a record of the suspect's presence at the scene. 示例：DNA 分析记录了嫌疑人在现场的情况。

record (v), records, recording, recorded, was recorded: To create a written or electronic or visual account of something. 创建某事物的书面、电子或视觉记录。

Example: Betty recorded the Team Meeting minutes. 示例：Betty 记录了团队会议记录。

Passive Voice example: The Team Meeting minutes were recorded by Betty. 被动语态示例：团队会议记录由 Betty 录制。

record (v): To save information or data for use in the future. 保存信息或数据以供将来使用。

Examples: Be sure to record your observations in the research diary. 示例：请务必在研究日记中记录您的观察结果。

It's important to record all customer complaints for quality control purposes. 出于质量控制目的，记录所有客户投诉非常重要。

record (v): To achieve or set a new high, or best performance. 达到或创下新高或最佳表现。

Example: The company hopes to record higher sales this quarter. 示例：该公司希望本季度实现更高的销售额。

record (v): To capture an image or sound using a device. 使用设备捕获图像或声音。

Example: Alice recorded the beautiful sunset with her phone camera. 示例：爱丽丝用手机摄像头记录了美丽的日落。

REDUCE 减少 / 降低

reduce (v), reduces, reducing, reduced, was reduced: To make something smaller, lesser, or fewer. 使某物变得更小、更少或更少。

Examples: Ernie is trying to reduce his alcohol intake to improve his health. 示例：厄尼正在努力减少酒精摄入量以改善健康状况。

The medication helped to reduce the pain in Frank's hip. 这种药物有助于减轻弗兰克臀部的疼痛。

The editor reduced the article to fit the space available in the magazine. 编辑缩小了文章以适应杂志上的可用空间。

Betty has been working hard to reduce her weight by following a healthy diet. 贝蒂一直在努力通过健康饮食来减轻体重。

The heat caused the plastic to melt and reduce in size. 热量导致塑料熔化并缩小尺寸。

Passive Voice Example: The country's carbon emissions are being reduced to combat climate change. 被动语态示例：该国正在减少碳排放以应对气候变化。

reduce (v): To change something into a different, smaller form. 将某物改变为不同的、更小的形式。

Example: This factory reduces raw materials into usable minerals. 示例：这家工厂将原材料转化为可用的矿物。

reduce (v): To make something more efficient or manageable. 使事情变得更有效率或更易于管理。

Example: The company aims to reduce production costs by optimising its supply chain. 示例：该公司旨在通过优化供应链来降低生产成本。

reduce (v): To decrease the price or value of something. 降低某物的价格或价值。

Example: The store decided to reduce the prices of its products to boost sales. 示例：商店决定降低产品价格以提高销量。

reduce (v): To thicken a liquid by boiling or simmering. 通过煮沸或煨使液体变稠。

Example: The chef reduced the sauce to make it thicker and more tasty. 示例：厨师减少了酱汁，使其更浓稠、更美味。

reduce (v): To make a mathematical expression simpler. 使数学表达式更简单。

Example: In algebra, students learn how to reduce equations to their simplest forms. 示例：在代数中，学生学习如何将方程简化为最简单的形式。

reduce (v): To lessen the impact or significance of something. 减少某事的影响或重要性。

Examples: The unexpected event reduced the impact of the team's initial success. 示例：意外事件降低了团队最初成功的影响。

Development of vaccines reduced the death rate of Covid. 疫苗的开发降低了新冠病毒的死亡率。

reduce (v): To lower someone's status or reputation. 降低某人的地位或声誉。

Example: The scandal reduced the politician's popularity with the public. 示例：丑闻降低了这位政客在公众中的受欢迎程度。

"reduce speed" (v) = To slow down something. 放慢某事的速度。

Example: The car reduced its speed as it approached the intersection. 示例：汽车在接近十字路口时降低了速度。

reduce (v): To weaken the strength or effectiveness of something. 削弱某物的强度或有效性。

Example: The doctor recommended reducing the dosage of the medication. 示例：医生建议减少药物剂量。

reduce (n): There is no noun "reduce". There is a noun "reduction", meaning an act of reducing something. Its plural is "reductions". 没有名词“减少”。 有一个名词“减少”，意思是减少某物的行为。 它的复数是“减少”。

Example: The store hoped that a reduction in its prices would improve sales. 示例：商店希望降价能够提高销量。

REIGN 统治 / 在位

reign (n), reigns (pl): The period during which a monarch or ruler holds power over a country. 君主或统治者对一个国家拥有权力的时期。

Example: Queen Victoria's reign in the United Kingdom lasted for over six decades. 示例：维多利亚女王在英国的统治持续了六十多年。

reign (n): A period of dominance, control, or influence. 统治、控制或影响的时期。

Example: The last third of the twentieth century saw the reign of "Intel" microprocessors. 示例：二十世纪最后三十年见证了“英特尔”微处理器的统治。

reign (v), reigns, reigning, reigned, was reigned over: To hold the position of a monarch or ruler. 担任君主或统治者的职位。

Examples: King Henry VIII reigned during a tumultuous time in English history. 例子：亨利八世国王在英国历史上的一个动荡时期统治。

Queen Victoria reigned with a fair and just hand, earning the respect of her subjects. 维多利亚女王以公平公正的方式统治，赢得了臣民的尊重。

The Roman emperor Constantine reigned over a vast empire spanning multiple continents. 罗马皇帝君士坦丁统治着一个横跨多个大陆的庞大帝国。

Passive Voice Example: In the distant past, the people were reigned over by powerful and authoritarian leaders. 被动语态示例：在遥远的过去，人民受到强大而独裁的领导人的统治。

reign (v): To be the main influence or force in a certain area. 在某一领域具有主要影响力或力量。

Examples: During the era when the poet Milton lived, artistic expression and creativity reigned in society. 例子：在诗人弥尔顿生活的时代，艺术表达和创造力在社会中占主导地位。

During the 1980s, disco music reigned on dance floors. 20 世纪 80 年代，迪斯科音乐在舞池中盛行。

Despite changes in technology, print media continues to reign in certain demographics. 尽管技术发生了变化，印刷媒体仍然在某些人群中占据主导地位。

Chaos reigned in the city streets during the protests. 抗议期间，城市街道一片混乱。

The reigning boxing champion successfully defended his title. 这位卫冕拳击冠军成功卫冕。

The new CEO plans to reign over the company's expansion. 新任首席执行官计划掌管公司的扩张。

The company's software continued to reign supreme in the market. 该公司的软件继续在市场上占据主导地位。

RENT 租 / 出租 / 租金

rent (n), rents (pl): The amount of money paid for the temporary use of something. 为临时使用某物而支付的金额。

Example: The monthly rent for the apartment was quite affordable. 示例：公寓的月租相当实惠。

rent (n): A split or tear in a material or fabric. 材料或织物中的裂口或撕裂。

Example: There was a small rent in John's puffer jacket. 示例：约翰的羽绒服有少量租金。

rent (n): An opening or gap created by tearing or splitting. 由于撕裂或分裂而形成的开口或间隙。

Example: The rent in our tent allowed rain to enter. 示例：我们帐篷的租金允许小动物进入。

rent (n): A breach or rupture in a relationship or contract. 关系或合同的违约或破裂。

Example: The disagreement caused a rent between the two friends. 示例：两个朋友之间的分歧导致了房租的问题。

rent (v), rents, renting, rented, was rented: To pay to use or occupy someone else's property temporarily. 暂时使用或占用他人财产而付费。

Examples: The newly-married couple rented an apartment while they looked for a permanent home. 示例：这对新婚夫妇在寻找永久住所时租了一套公寓。

We rented a campervan for our road trip across Australia. 我们租了一辆露营车进行澳大利亚公路旅行。

Passive Voice Example: The apartment was rented by a newly-married couple. 被动语态示例：这间公寓是一对新婚夫妇租的。

rent (v): To allow someone to use or occupy property in exchange for payment. 允许某人使用或占有财产以换取报酬。

Example: The landlord agreed to rent out his vacant room to a new tenant. 示例：房东同意将其空置房间出租给新房客。

rent (v): To tear or split something apart, often accidentally. 撕开或分裂某物，通常是意外的。

Example: John accidentally rent his jacket when it got caught on a branch. 示例：约翰的夹克被树枝挂住，不小心把它租了。

REPAIR 维修 / 修复 / 修理

repair (n), repairs (pl): An act of restoring something to its proper condition. 将某物恢复到适当状态的行为。

Example: The repair of the old building took several weeks. 示例：旧建筑的修复花了几周时间。

repair (v), repairs, repairing, repaired, was repaired: To restore something to a good condition by fixing or mending it. 通过修复或修补某物使其恢复良好状态。

Examples: Frank repaired the broken chair by gluing the pieces back together. 示例：弗兰克将损坏的椅子重新粘合在一起，从而修复了损坏的椅子。

The artist repaired the damaged painting to its original state. 艺术家将损坏的画修复到了原来的状态。

Passive Voice Example: The damaged roof was repaired after the storm. 被动语态示例：暴风雨后损坏的屋顶被修复。

repair (v): To restore relationships, often after a disagreement or conflict. 修复关系，通常是在分歧或冲突之后。

Example: Bert and Ernie worked hard to repair their friendship after a quarrel. 例子：伯特和厄尼在争吵后努力修复他们的友谊。

repair (v): To correct something that is wrong or faulty. 纠正错误或有缺陷的事情。

Example: A serviceman repaired our faulty air-conditioning unit. 示例：一名维修人员修理了我们有故障的空调装置。

repair (v): To fix a moral problem. 解决道德问题。

Example: The community worked to repair the damage caused by the scandal. 示例：社区努力修复丑闻造成的损失。

"repair shop" = A place where repairs are done. “修理店”= 进行修理的地方。

Example: Fred took his car to the repair shop for a check-up. 示例：弗雷德把他的车开到修理店进行检查。

REPEAT 重复 / 重

repeat (n), repeats (pl): An act of doing something once more. 再次做某事的行为。

Examples: The series "Grand Designs" is running on the ABC, but it's just a repeat. 示例：“Grand Designs”系列节目正在 ABC 上播出，但这只是重复。

The designer introduced a clothing collection with a repeat of their well-known pattern. 设计师推出了一个服装系列，重复了他们著名的图案。

The speaker delivered the same content twice; the second time felt like a repeat. 演讲者将相同的内容讲了两次； 第二次感觉像是重复。

repeat (v), repeats, repeating, repeated, was repeated: To do or say something once more. 再次做或说某事。

Examples: Please repeat your answer; I didn't hear you clearly. 示例：请重复您的答案； 我没听清楚。

The teacher repeated the instructions to ensure everyone understood. 老师重复了一遍指示，以确保每个人都能理解。

The TV channel decided to repeat the episode due to popular demand. 由于大众的要求，电视频道决定重播这一集。

repeat (v): To do a previous action again, for practice or demonstration. 再次执行先前的动作，进行练习或演示。

Examples: The dance instructor asked the students to repeat the choreography. 示例：舞蹈教练要求学生重复编排的舞蹈。

The pianist repeated the melody on the piano to practice it. 钢琴家在钢琴上重复旋律进行练习。

The students were asked to repeat the passage of music before sitting the exam. 学生们被要求在参加考试前重复一段音乐。

The actors had to repeat the scene several times to get it right. 演员们必须多次重复这个场景才能做到正确。

Passive Voice example: The experiment was repeated by the scientists to confirm the results. 被动语态示例：科学家重复了该实验以确认结果。

repeat (v): To say something exactly as it was said before. 完全按照以前所说的那样说某事。

Examples: Alice repeated a paragraph from her programming manual to emphasise her point. 示例：爱丽丝重复了她的编程手册中的一段话来强调她的观点。

The politician repeated his argument during the debate to ensure it was clear. 这位政客在辩论中重复了他的论点，以确保观点清晰。

repeat (v): To create a copy of something. 创建某物的副本。

Example: The artist decided to repeat the painting with a different color scheme. 示例：艺术家决定用不同的配色方案重复这幅画。

repeat (v): To occur or happen once more. 发生或再次发生。

Examples: The pattern of rainfall began to repeat every few days. 示例：降雨模式开始每隔几天重复一次。

The same problem repeated in the software program many times. 同样的问题在软件程序中重复出现多次。

repeat (v): To go through a past experience again. 再次经历过去的经历。

Examples: Sandra wanted to repeat the thrill of her first skydiving experience. 示例：桑德拉想要重复她第一次跳伞体验的刺激感。

The machine had to repeat the calibration process for accuracy. 机器必须重复校准过程以确保准确性。

repeatedly (adv): In a way that repeats something. 以某种方式重复某事。

Examples: The dog barked repeatedly throughout the night, keeping everyone awake. 例子：狗整夜不停地叫，让每个人都睡不着。

The teacher reminded her students about the upcoming test repeatedly to ensure they were prepared. 老师反复提醒学生即将到来的考试，以确保他们做好准备。

The company has been praised repeatedly for its commitment to environmental sustainability. 该公司因其对环境可持续发展的承诺而多次受到赞誉。

Despite being warned repeatedly, Fred continued to ignore the safety rules. 尽管多次被警告，弗雷德仍然无视安全规则。

REPLY 回复 / 响应 / 答覆

reply (n), replies (pl): An answer to a question or statement. 对问题或陈述的回答。

Example: The politician's reply was well thought out. 示例：政客的回答是经过深思熟虑的。

reply (n): An answer to an invitation, also called an "RSVP" (a French phrase meaning "please respond"). 对邀请的答复，也称为“RSVP”（法语短语，意思是“请回复”）。

Example: Betty replied to the wedding invitation with her RSVP. 示例：贝蒂通过回复回复了婚礼邀请。

reply (n): A matching part. 一个匹配的部分。

Examples: The second paragraph of the newspaper article is a reply to the first paragraph. 例子：报纸文章的第二段是对第一段的回复。

The slow movement of this music is a reply to the fast opening movement. 这首音乐的缓慢乐章是对快速开场乐章的回应。

reply (v), replies, replying, replied, was replied to: To answer a question, message, or communication either orally or in writing. 以口头或书面方式回答问题、消息或交流。

Examples: Sandra likes to reply to emails quickly. 示例：桑德拉喜欢快速回复电子邮件。

The politician replied to a criticism with a well-reasoned argument. 这位政治家以合理的论点回应了批评。

Yan's friend replied to her text message with a laughing emoji. 艳的朋友用大笑的表情符号回复了她的短信。

Passive Voice Example: The customer's complaint was replied to within 24 hours by the company. 被动语态示例：客户的投诉公司在24小时内得到答复。

reply (v): To respond to an invitation. 回复邀请。

Example: Betty replied to the wedding invitation with her RSVP. 示例：贝蒂通过回复回复了婚礼邀请。

reply (v): To respond to some event. 响应某些事件。

Example: The dog replied to its owner's call by wagging its tail. 示例：狗摇尾巴来回应主人的叫声。

reply (v): To react emotionally. 做出情感上的反应。

Example: The girl replied to the good news with tears of joy. 示例：女孩听到这个好消息，流下了喜悦的泪水。

reply (v): To show agreement. 以示同意。

Example: When Fred suggested going to a movie, his girlfriend replied, "That sounds good, what did you have in mind?" 示例：当弗雷德建议去看电影时，他的女朋友回答说：“听起来不错，你有什么想法吗？”

REPORT 报告 / 汇报 / 报

report (n), reports (pl): A written or spoken account of facts, information, or events. 对事实、信息或事件的书面或口头描述。

Example: The news reporter filed a report on recent political developments. 示例：新闻记者对最近的政治动态进行了报道。

report (n): A loud noise or sound, like an explosion. 巨大的噪音或声音，如爆炸。

Example: The sudden report of a gunshot echoed through the woods. 示例：突然一声枪响在树林中回响。

report (n): A description or explanation of something. 对某事的描述或解释。

Example: The weather report predicted rain for the weekend. 示例：天气预报预测周末会下雨。

report (n): A presentation of data, often in columns or some other format. 数据的表示，通常以列或其他格式表示。

Example: Businesses produce annual Financial Reports showing their activities, earnings and expenses. 示例：企业制作年度财务报告，显示其活动、收入和支出。

report (n): A regular publication (for example, monthly) that provides information on a specific topic. 提供特定主题信息的定期出版物（例如每月）。

Example: Ernie writes a short monthly fishing report for his local newspaper. 示例：厄尼为当地报纸撰写了一份简短的每月捕鱼报告。

report (v), reports, reporting, reported, was reported: To present information or facts about something. 提供有关某事的信息或事实。

Example: The scientist will report the results of his experiment at the conference. 示例：科学家将在会议上报告他的实验结果。

Passive voice example: The results of the scientist's experiment were reported by him at the conference. 被动语态示例：科学家的实验结果由他在会议上报告。

report (v): To inform someone about something. 通知某人某事。

Example: Frank reported his missing wallet to the security office at the shopping centre. 示例：弗兰克向购物中心的保安办公室报告了他丢失的钱包。

report (v): To make a formal statement to an authority. 向权威机构做出正式声明。

Example: Police are asking anyone who has dashcam video of the car crash to report it to the police. 示例：警方要求任何拥有车祸行车记录仪视频的人向警方举报。

report (v): To convey data about something. 传达有关某事的数据。

Example: Modern cars' ECUs (= Electronic Control Unit, refer to Lesson 19) can remember and report faults with any system within the vehicle. 示例：现代汽车的 ECU（= 电子控制单元，请参阅第 19 课）可以记住并报告车辆内任何系统的故障。

Passive voice example: The engine temperature was recorded and reported to mechanics in the repair shop. 被动语态示例：记录发动机温度并报告给维修店的机械师。

report (v): To complain about something. 抱怨某事。

Example: The employee decided to report unsafe working conditions to his employer's HR (= Human Resources) department. 示例：员工决定向其雇主的 HR（= 人力资源）部门报告不安全的工作条件。

report (v): To go to a place, especially after completing a task. 去一个地方，尤指完成任务后。

Example: The Commanding Officer (abbreviated: CO) ordered the soldiers to report to their barracks after the training exercise. 示例：指挥官（缩写：CO）命令士兵们在训练结束后到军营报到。

report (v): To spread, or to be spread, through communication. 通过交流传播或被传播。

Example: The news journalist reported on recent political developments. 示例：新闻记者报道了最近的政治动态。

Passive voice example: Recent political developments were reported by the news journalist. 被动语态示例：新闻记者报道了最近的政治动态。

REQUEST 要求 / 请求

request (n), requests (pl): A formal appeal for something. 对某事的正式呼吁。

Examples: The manager received a request from his staff for longer holidays. 示例：经理收到员工要求延长假期的请求。

The secondary school student submitted a request for a scholarship to university. 该中学生向大学提交了奖学金申请。

request (n): A command for something to be done. 要求做某事的命令。

Example: The police officer made a request for identification from the driver. 示例：警察要求司机提供身份证明。

The teacher made a request that her students complete the assignment by next Wednesday. 老师要求她的学生在下周三之前完成作业。

request (n): A prayer for something. 为某事祈祷。

Example: The congregation made a request for an end to the fighting in Gaza during the church service. 示例：会众在教堂礼拜期间请求结束加沙的战斗。

request (v), requests, requesting, requested, was requested: To ask for something in a polite and formal manner. 以礼貌和正式的方式提出请求。

Examples: At the restaurant, Muriel requested a bottle of water from the waiter. 示例：在餐厅，穆里尔向服务员要了一瓶水。

Alice did not feel well, and requested permission to leave work early. 爱丽丝感觉不舒服，请求允许提前下班。

The hotel guest requested a quiet room to get some work done. 酒店的客人要求一间安静的房间来完成一些工作。

request (v): To ask for help from someone. 向某人寻求帮助。

Example: Bert requested Ernie's help to start his car. 示例：伯特请求厄尼帮助启动他的汽车。

request (v): To ask for information on a topic. 询问有关某个主题的信息。

Examples: The journalist requested more details about the politician's air travel expenses. 示例：记者要求了解有关该政客航空旅行费用的更多详细信息。

Betty requested information about an upcoming seminar. 贝蒂要求提供有关即将举行的研讨会的信息。

request (v): To command that something is done. 命令某事完成。

Examples: The police officer requested identification from the driver. 示例：警察要求司机提供身份证明。

The teacher requested that her students complete the assignment by next Wednesday. 老师要求她的学生在下周三之前完成作业。

The committee requested the stall-holders to submit their ideas for redeveloping the market . 委员会要求摊主提交重建市场的想法。

Passive Voice example: The stall-holders were requested to submit their proposals for redeveloping the market, by the committee. 被动语态示例：委员会要求摊主提交重建市场的建议。

RING 戒指 / 环 / 响 / 铃声

ring (n), rings (pl): A circular band worn as jewellery, usually on a finger.

Example: The young woman bounced into the office, showing off her new engagement ring. 这位年轻女子弹跳入办公室，炫耀她的新订婚戒指。

ring (n): Any other hollow object with a circular shape. 任何其他具有圆形形状的空心物体。

Examples: The mechanic ordered a set of piston rings for Fred's car repair. 示例：机械师为 Fred 的汽车修理订购了一套活塞环。

The carved stones had been set in the ground in a ring. 雕刻的石头被镶嵌在地上，形成一个环。

ring (n): An area like a circle marked on the ground for a specific purpose, such as a contest. 出于特定目的（例如比赛）而在地面上标记的类似圆圈的区域。

Example: The people set up a ring for the boxing match. 示例：人们为拳击比赛搭建了一个擂台。

ring (n): A group of people formed in a circle or semi-circle. 一群人围成一个圆圈或半圆圈。

Example: The students formed a ring around their teacher to hear the story. 示例：学生们围着老师听故事。

ring (v), rings, ringing, rang, was rung: To produce a sound similar to that of a bell. 发出类似于铃声的声音。

Example: The church bells rang to signal the start of the ceremony. 示例：教堂的钟声响起，标志着仪式开始。

Passive Voice example: The church bells were rung to signal the start of the ceremony. 被动语态示例：教堂的钟声响起，标志着仪式开始。

ring (v): To mark something with a circular shape. 用圆形标记某物。

Example: Muriel used a red pen to ring an important date on the calendar. 示例：穆里尔用红笔在日历上敲响了一个重要的日期。

ring (v): To make a phone call to someone. 给某人打电话。

Example: Frank rang Muriel to explain he would be late for dinner. 示例：弗兰克打电话给穆里尔，解释他吃晚饭会迟到。

Passive Voice example: Muriel was rung by Frank to let her know he would be late for dinner. 被动语态示例：弗兰克给穆里尔打电话，让她知道他吃晚饭要迟到了。

ring (v): To surround something (also said "to encircle"). 包围某物（也称“包围”）。

Example: The forest ringed the billabong, creating a quiet swimming spot. 示例：森林环绕着死水潭，形成了一个安静的游泳场所。

"to ring true" = to seem to be honest or correct. 看起来是诚实或正确的。Also said as "to ring with conviction". 也称为“以坚定的信念敲响”。

Example: Fred's explanation of the problem didn't quite ring true to his boss. 示例：弗雷德对问题的解释对他的老板来说并不完全正确。

ringing (adj): Loud. Decisive. 大声。 决定性。

Examples: The crowd gave a ringing cheer as the footy teams ran onto the ground. 示例：当足球队跑到地面上时，人群发出热烈的欢呼声。

The election result was a ringing agreement with the Government's plans. 选举结果与政府的计划完全一致。

The election result was a ringing endorsement of the Government's agenda. 选举结果明确认可了政府的议程。

RIOT 暴动 / 骚乱

riot (n), riots (pl): A violent public disturbance involving a group of people. 涉及一群人的暴力公共骚乱。

Example: The protest escalated into a full-blown riot, with clashes between demonstrators and police. 示例：抗议活动升级为全面骚乱，示威者与警察发生冲突。

riot (n): A situation where there is a lack of control or order. 缺乏控制或秩序的情况。

Example: Badly-behaved children caused a riot in the classroom, disrupting the lesson. 例：行为不端的孩子在教室里引起骚乱，扰乱了上课。

riot (n): An amusing event or activity. 有趣的事件或活动。

Example: The comedy show had the audience in stitches; it was an absolute riot. 示例：喜剧表演让观众紧张不已； 这绝对是一场骚乱。

riot (n): A display of something. 某物的展示。

Examples: The sunset showed a riot of colours in the sky. 例：夕阳在天空中呈现出绚丽的色彩。

Muriel's garden is a riot of colour in the summer. 穆里尔的花园在夏天色彩缤纷。

riot (v), riots, rioting, rioted, was rioted in: To act in a wild or uncontrolled way. 以疯狂或不受控制的方式行事。

Examples: The crowd rioted after the unpopular president was re-elected. 例子：不受欢迎的总统再次当选后，人群发生骚乱。

The country's populace rioted against oppressive government policies. 该国民众发起骚乱，反对政府的压迫性政策。

Passive Tense Example: The streets were rioted in by the protestors, causing damage to property, with many arrests. 被动时态示例：抗议者在街道上发生骚乱，造成财产损失，多人被捕。

riot (v): To create a chaotic and disorderly scene. 营造出混乱无序的场面。

Example: The fans rioted after their team lost the championship. 示例：球队输掉冠军后，球迷发生骚乱。

RISK 风险 / 冒险

risk (n), risks (pl): The probability of danger, harm, or an undesirable outcome. 危险、伤害或不良结果的可能性。

Example: There's a risk of injury if you don't wear your seatbelt while driving. 示例：如果您在驾驶时不系安全带，就有受伤的风险。

risk (n): An opportunity that involves uncertainty or the possibility for loss or gain. 涉及不确定性或损失或收益可能性的机会。

Examples: Investing in stocks carries both the risk of financial loss and the potential for profit. 示例： 投资股票既有财务损失的风险，也有盈利的潜力。

Starting a new business involves the risk of failure, but also the possibility of success. 开展新业务涉及失败的风险，但也有成功的可能性。

risk (n): The extent to which something is likely to happen. 某事发生的可能性的程度。

Example: The risk of Covid spreading was higher in crowded places. 示例：在拥挤的地方，新冠病毒传播的风险更高。

risk (v), risks, risking, risked, was risked: To expose something or someone to danger or uncertainty. 将某事或某人置于危险或不确定之中。

Example: The company decided to risk its reputation by launching a controversial ad campaign. 示例：该公司决定冒着声誉风险发起一场有争议的广告活动。

Passive Voice Example: The company's reputation was risked by launching a controversial ad campaign. 被动语态示例：该公司的声誉因发起有争议的广告活动而受到威胁。

risk (v): To go into a situation with the chance of danger or loss. 进入有可能发生危险或损失的情况。

Example: He decided to risk climbing the mountain despite the challenging weather conditions. 示例：尽管天气条件充满挑战，他还是决定冒险爬山。

risk (v): To take a chance on something, often involving the chance of loss or gain. 在某事上冒险，通常涉及失去或获得的机会。

Example: Betty risked her savings on a risky investment, hoping for high returns. 示例：贝蒂用她的积蓄进行了一项高风险投资，希望获得高回报。

risk (v): To put something at risk of harm or danger. 将某物置于受到伤害或危险的风险中。

Example: Speeding on wet roads can risk the safety of both the driver and other road users. 示例：在潮湿的道路上超速可能会危及驾驶员和其他道路使用者的安全。

risk (v): To expose something to the chance of a bad outcome. 使某事暴露于产生不良结果的可能性。

Examples: Not studying for the exam risks getting a low grade. 示例： 不为考试而学习可能会导致低分。

The worker risked his job by speaking up about wage theft. 该工人冒着失去工作的风险公开谈论克扣工资的事情。

Ignoring climate change risks the future of our planet. 忽视气候变化会给我们星球的未来带来风险。

Leaving the door unlocked risks a break-in. 不锁门可能会导致入室盗窃。

risky (adj), more risky, most risky: Being dangerous or uncertain. 危险或不确定。

Example: Speeding on wet roads is risky. 示例：在潮湿的道路上超速行驶是有风险的。

ROCK 岩石 / 岩 / 摇动

rock (n), rocks (pl): A solid substance comprised of minerals that make up the Earth's crust. 由构成地壳的矿物质组成的固体物质。

Example: We hiked up the mountain and sat on a large rock to rest. 示例：我们爬上山，坐在一块大石头上休息。

rock (n): A genre of music characterized by a strong rhythm, often played with electric guitars and drums. 一种以强烈节奏为特征的音乐流派，通常用电吉他和鼓演奏。

Example: They went to the concert to listen to their favorite rock band. 示例：他们去音乐会听他们最喜欢的摇滚乐队的表演。

rock (n): A reliable or strong foundation. 可靠或坚固的基础。

Example: Their friendship is the rock that supports them through tough times. 示例：他们的友谊是支撑他们度过困难时期的基石。

rock (v), rocks, rocking, rocked, was rocked: To move back and forth. 来回移动。

Examples: The boat rocked slightly on the calm waters of the lake. 示例：小船在平静的湖面上轻轻摇晃。

Muriel rocked the baby to sleep. 穆里尔摇着婴儿入睡。

An earthquake rocked the entire city, causing widespread damage. 一场地震震撼了整个城市，造成了广泛的破坏。

Passive Voice Examples: The baby was rocked to sleep by Muriel. 被动语态示例：穆里尔摇着婴儿入睡。

The entire city was rocked by an earthquake, causing widespread damage. 整个城市都遭受了地震的震动，造成了广泛的破坏。

rock (v): To be excellent or impressive. 表现出色或令人印象深刻。

Example: Her performance in the play totally rocked the audience. 示例：她在剧中的表演彻底震撼了观众。

rock (v): To shock or astonish someone emotionally. 在情感上使某人震惊或震惊。

Examples: The news of the sudden death rocked the entire community. 示例：突然死亡的消息震惊了整个社区。

The success of the company's new weight-loss drug rocked the management and staff. 该公司新型减肥药的成功震惊了管理层和员工。

"rock-solid" (adj) = firm or unshaken. 坚定或不动摇。

Example: Despite the challenges, their faith in each other remained rock-solid. 示例：尽管面临挑战，他们对彼此的信心仍然坚如磐石。

ROLL 卷 / 滚 / 籍 / 面包卷

roll (n), rolls (pl): A small piece of bread or other food, rolled up. 一小块面包或其他卷起来的食物。

Example: Alice had a turkey and cheese roll for lunch. 示例：爱丽丝午餐吃了火鸡和奶酪卷。

roll(n): A list of names, items, or information written or printed on a scroll or piece of paper. 写在或打印在卷轴或纸上的名称、项目或信息的列表。

Examples: The teacher called out her class's names on the roll at the start of the day. 示例： 老师在一天开始时点名名册上班级的名字。

The company uploaded a roll of customer testimonials to their website. 该公司将一卷客户评价上传到他们的网站。

roll (n): A deep, rumbling sound. 低沉、隆隆的声音。

Example: A roll of thunder warned of an approaching storm. 示例：雷声警告暴风雨即将来临。

roll (v), rolls, rolling, rolled, was rolled: To move by turning over and over in a circular motion. 通过以圆周运动方式翻转来移动。

Example: The ball started to roll down the hill. 示例：球开始滚下山。

roll (v): To turn something over by rotating it. 通过旋转某物来翻转它。

Example: Ernie rolled a dice to begin the board game with Bert. 示例：厄尼掷骰子开始与伯特玩棋盘游戏。

Passive Voice Example: A dice was rolled by Ernie to start the board game with Bert. 被动语态示例：Ernie 掷骰子开始与 Bert 进行棋盘游戏。

roll (v): To move along smoothly and continuously. 顺利、持续地前进。

Example: The car's wheels started to roll along the road. 示例：汽车的轮子开始沿着道路滚动。

roll (v): To shape something into a cylinder or ball by rolling it. 通过滚动将某物塑造成圆柱体或球体。

Example: Muriel rolled and sliced some dough to make biscuits [US: cookies]. 示例：穆里尔将一些面团擀平并切片以制作饼干[美国：饼干]。

Passive Voice Example: Some dough was rolled and sliced by Muriel to make biscuits. 被动语态示例：穆里尔将一些面团卷起来并切片以制作饼干。

"to roll out" = To flatten dough, clay etc using a rolling pin, a cylinder of wood. “擀开” = 使用擀面杖、木头圆柱体将面团、粘土等压平。

Example: Muriel rolled out some dough to make noodles. 示例：穆里尔（Muriel）擀了一些面团来做面条。

roll (v): To make progress or develop gradually. 逐步进步或发展。

Example: The project began to roll after months of planning. 示例：该项目经过几个月的规划后开始启动。

"to roll with the punches" = To accept a situation which may be a setback. 接受可能是挫折的情况。

Example: Having lost his job, David decided to roll with the punches and move to a new city to find work. 示例：大卫失业后，决定忍气吞声，搬到一个新城市找工作。

RUDE 粗鲁的 / 无礼 / 粗

rude (adj), ruder, rudest: Behaving in a disrespectful, impolite, or discourteous manner. 行为不尊重、不礼貌或无礼。

Example: It's rude to interrupt someone while they're speaking. 示例：在别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的。

rude (adj): Describes language or behavior that is offensive or socially unacceptable. 描述冒犯性或社会不可接受的语言或行为。

Example: His jokes at the party were quite rude and inappropriate. 示例：他在聚会上讲的笑话非常粗鲁和不恰当。

rude (adj): Having a lack of sophistication or refinement. 缺乏成熟或精致。

Example: The old cabin had a charming but rude appearance. 例：旧小屋的外观迷人但粗鲁。

rude (adj): Abrupt or not civil. 突然或不文明。

Example: The customer complained about the rude behavior of the store's shop assistant. 示例：顾客抱怨商店店员的粗鲁行为。

rude (adj): Acting in a way that is unpleasant or ungracious. 以令人不愉快或不礼貌的方式行事。

Example: Fred's girlfriend gave a rude answer when she didn't agree with Fred's suggestion. 示例：当弗雷德的女朋友不同意弗雷德的建议时，她给出了粗鲁的回答。

rude (adj): Referring to something that is not well-constructed or finished. 指的是未精心构建或完成的事物。

Example: The house had a rude structure, lacking proper insulation. 示例：房子结构简陋，缺乏适当的隔热层。

rude (adj): Lacking consideration for the feelings of other people. 缺乏考虑别人的感受。

Example: His comments about her appearance were quite rude and hurtful. 示例：他对她外表的评论非常粗鲁和伤人。

rude (adj): Treating someone roughly or harshly. 粗暴地或严厉地对待某人。

Example: The rude treatment she received from her boss left Betty upset. 示例：老板对她的粗鲁对待让贝蒂心烦意乱。

rudely (adv), more rudely, most rudely: In a rude manner. 以一种粗鲁的方式。

Example: Betty's boss treated her rudely. 示例：贝蒂的老板粗鲁地对待她。

RUIN 废墟 / 毁 / 败坏 / 摧残