第 150 课：更多具有多种含义的单词：P

Lesson 150: More Words with Many Meanings: P

PACK 包 / 一群 / 包装 / 收拾

pack (n), packs (pl). A container and its contents. 容器及其内容。

Examples: Frank bought a pack of 20mm wood screws at Bunnings. 示例：弗兰克在邦宁斯买了一包20毫米的木螺丝。

Alice bought a pack of 10 AA batteries at Coles. 爱丽丝在科尔斯买了一包 10 节 AA 电池。

pack (n): A pad of cloth, perhaps containing medication, used to treat an injury or absorb blood. 一块布，可能含有药物，用于治疗损伤或吸血。

Example: Alice's knees were sore after a game of tennis, so she put a cold pack on each one. 示例：爱丽丝在打完一场网球比赛后膝盖酸痛，所以她给每只膝盖都敷了冰袋。

pack (n): Another name for a knapsack or backpack. 背包或背包的另一个名称。

Example: After a 15-minute rest, we shouldered our packs again and continued the hike. 例子：休息了15分钟后，我们又背起行囊继续徒步。

pack (n): Abbreviation for "pack ice", where a group of ice floes join together to make a barrier for ships. “浮冰”的缩写，一组浮冰连接在一起形成船只的屏障。

Example: The newly-built Australian icebreaker "Australis" smashed her way through the pack. 示例：澳大利亚新建的破冰船“Australis”破冰而出。

pack (n): A group of wild animals that lives and hunts together. 一群一起生活和捕猎的野生动物。

Example: A pack of dingoes has been killing the farmer's sheep. 例子：一群澳洲野狗咬死了农夫的羊。

pack (n): A group of people who work for the same business or club, or who have a similar job or have the same interests. 为同一企业或俱乐部工作，或从事类似工作或具有相同兴趣的一群人。

Examples: The Magpies pack (= Collingwood footy club players) is looking very well-trained this season. 示例：喜鹊队（= Collingwood 足球俱乐部球员）本赛季看起来训练有素。

A pack of journalists surrounded the politician. 一群记者包围了政客。

John was in a Boy Scout pack in his teens. 约翰在他十几岁的时候加入了童子军。

pack (n): A group of businesses who compete with each other. 一群相互竞争的企业。

Example: Tesla's early design of electric vehicles has kept it ahead of the pack, but Chinese manufacturers are catching up. 示例：特斯拉早期的电动汽车设计一直处于领先地位，但中国制造商正在迎头赶上。

pack (n): A set of events or written or spoken thoughts. 一组事件或书面或口头想法。

Example: The newspaper story was a pack of lies. 示例：报纸上的故事是一堆谎言。

pack (n): A set of playing cards. Also called a "deck". 一套扑克牌。 也称为“甲板”。

Example: Bert and Ernie sat down with a pack of cards to play poker. 示例：伯特和厄尼拿着一副牌坐下来玩扑克。

pack (v), packs, packing, packed: To put something into a box or bag. 把东西放进盒子或袋子里。

Example: Alice packed for a weekend away with her boyfriend. 示例：爱丽丝和她的男朋友一起收拾行李去度周末。

pack (v): To cram a number of things into a space. 将许多东西塞进一个空间。

Example: The restaurant was packed with tables, with not much room between them. 示例：餐厅里挤满了桌子，桌子之间的空间不大。

pack (v): To put soft material around something that you are packing, to protect it. 将软材料放在您正在包装的东西周围，以保护它。

Example: Muriel carefully packed a vase in bubble-wrap before packing it in a box for mailing. 示例：Muriel 在将花瓶装入箱子进行邮寄之前，小心翼翼地用泡沫包装纸包装了一个花瓶。

pack (v) : Slang word for carrying a gun. 带枪的俚语。 Also called "packing heat". 也称为“包装热”。

Example: Although gun ownership is tightly controlled in Australia, even boys under 18 have been arrested while packing heat. 示例：虽然枪支所有权在澳大利亚受到严格控制，但即使是 18 岁以下的男孩也曾在打包时被捕。

pack (v): To fill a jury or other body of people who make important decisions, with people likely to support a particular point of view. 由可能支持特定观点的人组成陪审团或做出重要决定的其他团体。

Example: The President successfully packed the Supreme Court with judges sympathetic to his ideas. 示例：总统成功地让最高法院挤满了赞同他的想法的法官。

PAD 垫 / 衬垫 / 垫子

pad (n), pads (pl): A piece of soft material used to reduce mechanical shocks to something. 一块软材料，用于减少对某物的机械冲击。

Example: The expensive machinery sits on rubber pads to absorb vibration. 示例：昂贵的机器安装在橡胶垫上以吸收振动。

pad (n): A piece of soft material that covers a wound and absorbs blood or other fluids. 一块覆盖伤口并吸收血液或其他液体的柔软材料。

Example: Fred accidentally cut his forehead, so his girlfriend taped a cotton pad to it to slow its bleeding. 示例：弗雷德不小心划破了额头，所以他的女朋友用棉垫贴在额头上以减缓流血。

pad (n): A piece of soft material that is used to change the shape of something. 一块软材料，用于改变某物的形状。

Example: The actress wore a large pad under her dress, to make her seem pregnant. 示例：这位女演员在她的裙子下垫了一块大垫子，让她看起来怀孕了。

pad (n): The soft fleshy underpart of an animal's foot or a human finger. 动物脚或人手指的软肉下部。

Example: We saw a dog wearing little boots to protect its pads. 示例：我们看到一只狗穿着小靴子来保护它的垫子。

pad (n): A number of sheets of blank paper fastened together at one edge, used for drawing or writing. 多张空白纸，单边固定在一起，用于绘图或书写。

Example: Alice sketched a software flowchart on a large white pad. 示例：爱丽丝在一个大的白色垫子上画了一个软件流程图。

pad (n): A level area used for helicopter takeoff and landing, or for launching rockets. 用于直升机起降或发射火箭的平坦区域。

Example: A helicopter pad floats on the Yarra River, close to the Melbourne Aquarium. 示例：直升机停机坪漂浮在亚拉河上，靠近墨尔本水族馆。 It is very convenient for trips to and from the CBD. 往返CBD非常方便。

pad (n): Slang for a person's home. 一个人的家的俚语。

Example: Sandra occasionally stays a weekend at a friend's pad in Geelong. 示例：Sandra 偶尔会在 Geelong 的一个朋友家过周末。

pad (n): In electronics, a flat area on a circuit board to which a wire can be soldered to make an electrical connection. 在电子产品中，电路板上的平坦区域，可以将电线焊接到该区域以进行电气连接。

Example: John carefully soldered twelve wires to pads on a circuit board. 示例：约翰小心地将十二根电线焊接到电路板上的焊盘上。

pad (n): A water-lily pad. 睡莲垫。

Example: A frog sat on a pad while a carp swam underneath it. 示例：一只青蛙坐在垫子上，而一条鲤鱼在它下面游动。

pad (n): The sound of a soft footstep. 轻轻的脚步声。

Example: Alice was walking in a narrow street when she heard the pad of feet behind her. 示例：爱丽丝正走在一条狭窄的街道上，这时她听到身后有脚步声。

pad (v), pads, padding, padded: To cover something with soft material to protect it, or to change its shape. 用柔软的材料覆盖某物以保护它，或改变它的形状。

Examples: Fred's girlfriend padded his cut forehead to slow the bleeding. 示例：Fred 的女朋友用垫子垫住他的额头以减缓流血。

Muriel padded the vase with bubble-wrap before packing it in a box. 穆里尔在将花瓶装入盒子之前，先用气泡膜包裹了花瓶。

pad (v): To fill something with soft material to change its shape. 用柔软的材料填充某物以改变其形状。

Example: The actress padded her stomach to make it seem as if she was pregnant. 示例：这位女演员垫了她的肚子，使她看起来好像怀孕了。

pad (v): To walk steadily, making a soft sound. 稳稳地走着，发出轻柔的声音。

Example: The robber padded quietly up the garden path, to the back of the house. 示例：强盗悄悄地沿着花园小径走到房子后面。

pad (v): To make a piece of writing, such as a speech or an examination answer, longer, by adding unnecessary words. 通过添加不必要的词来使一篇文章（例如演讲或考试答案）更长。

Examples: The politician padded a 5-minute speech to make it last 10 minutes. 示例：政客将 5 分钟的演讲加长到 10 分钟。

Just answer the exam questions clearly and fully, but don't pad them. 只需清楚、完整地回答试题，但不要填空。

PADDLE 桨 / 划桨 / 划

paddle (n), paddles (pl): A pole with a wide blade at one end, or both ends, used to move a small boat on water. 一端或两端带有宽刀片的杆子，用于在水上移动小船。

Example: The 8-man canoe raced past, water spraying off flashing paddles. 示例：8 人独木舟疾驰而过，水从闪烁的桨上喷洒。

paddle (n): A sign, with a short handle and a wider, flat end with a number on it, used for bidding at auctions. 一个标牌，有一个短柄和一个较宽的扁平端，上面有一个数字，用于在拍卖会上竞标。

Example: The farmer raised his paddle to bid for a cow. 示例：农夫举起他的桨来竞标一头牛。

paddle (n): In table tennis and similar games, a short pole with a wide blade, used to hit the ball. 在乒乓球和类似运动中，用来击球的是带有宽刃的短杆。

Example: Sandra hit the ball hard, twisting her paddle to put a spin on it. 示例：桑德拉用力击球，转动球拍使球旋转。

paddle (n): Part of a defibrillator machine that is placed on the patient's chest, to deliver an electric shock. 放置在患者胸部的除颤器的一部分，用于提供电击。

Example: The paramedic placed two paddles on the unconscious man's chest, and warned people to stand clear. 示例：医护人员在昏迷男子的胸部放置了两个桨，并警告人们远离。

paddle (n): A blade on a paddle wheel, used to move a paddle steamer on water. 桨轮上的叶片，用于在水上移动明轮船。

Example: Paddle steamers are a tourist attraction on the Murray River, the border between VIC and NSW. 示例：明轮船是墨累河上的一个旅游景点，位于维多利亚州和新南威尔士州之间的边界。

paddle (n): A walk through water that is not very deep. 步行穿过不是很深的水。

Example: The young children enjoyed a paddle in shallow water at the beach. 示例：年幼的孩子们喜欢在海滩的浅水中划桨。

paddle (v), paddles, paddling, paddled: To move on water in a boat or canoe using paddles. 使用桨在船或独木舟上移动。

Example: The 8-man crew paddled their canoe so quickly, they led the race by two boat-lengths. 示例：8 人的船员划着独木舟的速度如此之快，以至于他们以两个船长的优势领先了比赛。

paddle (v): To walk through water that is not very deep. 穿过不太深的水。

Example: The young children paddled in shallow water at the beach. 示例：年幼的孩子们在海滩的浅水中划桨。

paddle (v): To beat or stir something with a paddle, for example when doing laundry or mixing ingredients. 用桨敲打或搅拌某物，例如在洗衣服或混合配料时。

Example: Alice fitted a paddle to her electric mixer, and paddled a batch of dough. 示例：爱丽丝在她的电动搅拌机上装了一个桨，搅拌了一批面团。

PARK 公园 / 园林 / 停车位 / 停放 / 停车

park (n), parks (pl): An area of grass in a city or town, used for recreation. 城市或城镇中用于休闲的草地。

Example: Fred and his girlfriend went for a walk around Royal Park, north of the CBD. 示例：Fred 和他的女朋友去 CBD 北部的皇家公园散步。

park (n): An area with a specific purpose. 具有特定用途的区域。

Examples: John visited a supplier in an industrial park in Mitcham. 示例：约翰拜访了位于米查姆工业园区的一家供应商。

The family went to see a game at a baseball park. 一家人去棒球场看比赛。

park (n): In a vehicle with an automatic transmission, the position of the selector in which the gears are locked, preventing the vehicle's movement. 在配备自动变速器的车辆中，档位锁定的选择器位置，防止车辆移动。

Example: Ernie moved the selector from "Park" to "Drive", and drove off. 示例：Ernie 将选择器从“Park”移动到“Drive”，然后开车离开。

park (n): An abbreviation of "parking place" or "parking spot". “停车位”或“停车位”的缩写。

Example: Sandra drove around the shopping centre, but couldn't find a park. 示例：Sandra 开车在购物中心转了一圈，但没找到公园。

"parking lot" (n) = a space for one or more vehicles to be parked. 供一辆或多辆汽车停放的空间。

Example: Sandra drove around the supermarket parking lot twice, but couldn't find a park. 示例：Sandra 开车在超市停车场转了两圈，但没找到停车位。

park (v), parks, parking, parked: To leave a vehicle in a parking spot, or by the side of the road. 将车辆停在停车位或路边。

Example: Sandra eventually parked in a side street, two blocks from the shopping centre. 示例：Sandra 最终将车停在离购物中心两个街区的一条小街上。

park (v): To leave an object that you have been moving from another place. 离开你从另一个地方搬来的东西。

Examples: Sandra parked her shopping trolley by the tailgate of her car. 示例：Sandra 将她的购物手推车停在她汽车的后挡板旁。

Fred parked his bum ([SL:] = bottom or backside) on his girlfriend's desk at work. 弗雷德在工作时把他的屁股（[SL:] = 底部或背面）放在女友的办公桌上。

The two young children were parked in front of a TV. 两个年幼的孩子停在电视机前。

"to knock out of the park" = to do very well. “赶出公园”= 做得很好。

Example: Sony's latest gaming console knocks their opposition out of the park. 示例：索尼最新的游戏机将他们的对手击倒在地。

PART 部分 / 部 / 部件 / 份 / 角色 / 分开

part (n), parts (pl): A piece of an object, period of time, or activity. 一件物品、一段时间或活动。 Parts may be of equal or unequal sizes. 零件的尺寸可能相同或不同。 Together they make up a whole. 它们共同构成了一个整体。

Examples: The engineer unscrewed part of the gearbox. 示例：工程师拧下了变速箱的一部分。

Because of snow, this back road is usable only part of each year. 由于下雪，这条小路每年只能使用部分时间。

The composer Mozart wrote many symphonies in 3 parts. 作曲家莫扎特将许多交响曲分为 3 个部分。

"spare part" (n) = A replacement part of a machine. 机器的替换零件。

Example: Frank had to buy a spare part for his lawnmower. 示例：弗兰克不得不为他的割草机购买备件。

part (n): Some, but not all, of something. 一些，但不是全部，一些东西。

Example: This documentary tells only part of the refugee's story. 示例：这部纪录片只讲述了难民故事的一部分。

part (n): A character in a play or movie. 戏剧或电影中的角色。

Examples: Over five years, Alice played many parts in her school concerts. 示例：五年多来，爱丽丝在她的学校音乐会中扮演了很多角色。

The actor played the part of a mad scientist. 演员扮演一个疯狂科学家的角色。

part (n): An essential portion of something. 某物的重要部分。

Example: Success and failure are inevitable parts of life. 示例：成功和失败是生活中不可避免的部分。

part (n): One of a number of equal units which make up something. 构成某物的多个相等单位之一。

Example: Mix one part of water with three parts of concrete mix. 示例：将一份水与三份混凝土混合物混合。

part (n): One of the units making up a living thing. 构成生物的单位之一。

Example: The heart is part of the circulatory system. 示例：心脏是循环系统的一部分。

"private parts" (n) = Genitals. 生殖器。

Example: After swimming in surf, Sandra was annoyed to feel some sand irritating her private parts. 示例：在海浪中游泳后，桑德拉感到有些沙子刺激了她的私处，这让她很恼火。

part (n): The music for an instrument playing in a group. 在一组中演奏的乐器的音乐。

Example: The musicians sat down and placed their parts on music stands. 例子：音乐家们坐下来，把他们的部分放在乐谱架上。

part (n): A share. 一份。

Example: Everyone received part of their employer's profit for the year, as bonuses. 示例：每个人都收到其雇主当年的部分利润，作为奖金。

part (n): Task or duty. 任务或职责。

Example: Everyone must do their part if we are to win the footy match. 示例：如果我们要赢得足球比赛，每个人都必须尽自己的一份力量。

parts (pl only): A geographical area whose boundaries are not exactly known. 边界不明确的地理区域。

Examples: In our village, someone who isn't from around these parts sticks out like a sore thumb. 例子：在我们村里，有些人不是来自这些地方，就显得格格不入。

There's nowhere to do banking around these parts - the last bank closed three years ago. 这些地方没有地方可以做银行业务——最后一家银行在三年前关门了。

On her release from jail, the con artist left for parts unknown. 在她出狱后，这位骗子离开了未知的地方。

part (n): A course of action. 一个行动方案。

Examples: The Government objected to the independent candidates' part in their defeat. 示例：政府反对独立候选人在失败中扮演的角色。

Fred wanted no part of a plan to cheat a customer. 弗雷德不想参与欺骗客户的计划。

"to take part" = To be a part of some action. 成为某些行动的一部分。

Example: Independent candidates took part in defeating the Government by campaigning on climate change. 示例：独立候选人通过发起气候变化运动来击败政府。

" to take someone's part" = To support someone in an argument. 在争论中支持某人。

Example: the activist lawyer always took the part of poor people who had been evicted for non-payment of rent. 例子：维权律师总是代表那些因拖欠租金而被驱逐的穷人。

part (n): A talent or capability. 一种才能或能力。

Example: Alice is a woman of many parts - a hard worker, a good musician and a fair tennis player. 例子：爱丽丝是一个多方面的女人——一个勤奋的人，一个优秀的音乐家和一个公平的网球运动员。

part (v), parts, parting, parted: To push two objects apart. 将两个物体推开。

Example: Muriel parted the lounge curtains to see who was ringing the doorbell. 示例：穆里尔拉开休息室的窗帘，看看是谁在按门铃。

part (v): To separate from somebody. 与某人分开。

Example: With deep regret, the actress and her billionaire husband agreed to part. 例子：带着深深的遗憾，这位女演员和她的亿万富翁丈夫同意分手。

part (v): To temporarily leave someone. 暂时离开某人。 Also said as "to take leave". 亦作“请假”。

Example: Bert and Ernie parted, promising to meet at the pub the next day. 示例：Bert 和 Ernie 分手，约定第二天在酒吧见面。

part (v): To become separated into parts. 变得分裂成几个部分。

Example: At the height of the storm, a mooring rope parted and the expensive yacht was washed onto the beach. 示例：在暴风雨最猛烈的时候，系泊绳索断裂，昂贵的游艇被冲到海滩上。

"to part with" (v) = to give up possession or control of something. "分手" (v) = 放弃对某物的占有或控制。

Example: Fred dislikes parting with money. 例子：弗雷德不喜欢和钱分开。

part (v): To separate hair by combing it on each side of a line. 通过在一条线的每一侧梳理头发来分开头发。

Example: Muriel parted her granddaughter's hair down the middle, and plaited it. 示例：Muriel 将她孙女的头发从中间分开，然后编成辫子。

part (v): To end contact with someone. 结束与某人的联系。

Example: The couple had been married for 47 years; they were parted by the husband's death at the age of 71. 示例：这对夫妇已经结婚 47 年； 他们因丈夫在 71 岁时去世而分开。

part (v): To separate and hold apart. 分开并分开。

Example: It took three security guards to part the customers fighting over toilet paper. 示例：三名保安人员将争抢卫生纸的顾客分开。

PASTE 糊 / 膏 / 酱 / 浆糊 / 贴

paste (n), pastes (pl): A thick, soft substance made by mixing dry ingredients with a liquid. 通过将干燥成分与液体混合制成的粘稠柔软物质。

Example: Sandra used a food processor to blend onions, garlic and tomatoes to a paste. 示例：桑德拉使用食品加工机将洋葱、大蒜和西红柿搅拌成糊状。

paste (n): A thick liquid made by grinding. 通过研磨制成的粘稠液体。

Example: The factory machine turned whole tomatoes into a paste. 示例：工厂机器将整个西红柿变成糊状。

paste (n): A thick liquid used as an adhesive. 用作粘合剂的粘稠液体。

Examples: Frank bought 10 litres of wallpaper paste. 示例：Frank 买了 10 升墙纸浆。

The children mixed flour and water to make an adhesive paste. 孩子们将面粉和水混合制成粘性糊状物。

"a pasting" (n) [SL:] = A bad defeat. 一场糟糕的失败。

Example: Our local soccer team got a pasting last weekend, losing 6-1. 示例：我们当地的足球队上周末输了比赛，以 6-1 输掉了比赛。

paste (v), pastes, pasting, pasted: To coat something with paste. 用浆糊涂在某物上。

Example: Frank stripped off the old wallpaper and pasted the walls. 示例：Frank 撕掉旧墙纸并贴上墙壁。

paste (v): To defeat badly. 败得很惨。

Example: Our local soccer team was pasted last weekend, losing 6-1. 示例：我们当地的足球队上周末被淘汰，以 6-1 输掉比赛。

paste (v): To make an object, usually a printed page or a photograph, stick to another one, such as a wall or a book. 要制作一个物体（通常是打印的页面或照片），请将其粘贴到另一个物体上，例如墙壁或书本。

Examples: We pasted advertisements for our garage sale on telephone poles throughout our suburb. 示例：我们在整个郊区的电线杆上张贴了我们车库销售的广告。

Muriel pasted photos of her grandchildren into a photo album. 穆里尔将她孙子们的照片粘贴到相册中。

paste (v): Using a computer, to put data that has been copied or cut from one document, into another part of the document, or into another document. 使用计算机，将已从一个文档中复制或剪切的数据放入文档的另一部分或另一个文档中。

Example: On a PC, keyboard commands are: Ctrl-C for copy, Ctrl-X for cut and Ctrl-V for paste. 示例：在 PC 上，键盘命令为：Ctrl-C 用于复制，Ctrl-X 用于剪切，Ctrl-V 用于粘贴。

PAT 轻拍 / 拊 / 拍 / 拍打 / 拊 / 适时

pat (n), pats (pl): A light stroke with a hand. 用手轻轻一划。

Example: I thought I would get a kiss, but all she did was give me a pat on my shoulder! 示例：我以为我会得到一个吻，但她只是拍了拍我的肩膀！

pat (n): A lump of soft material. 一块柔软的材料。

Examples: Muriel cut a large pat of butter, ready to make fried bread. 示例：Muriel 切了一大块黄油，准备做炸面包。

Fred had to skip to avoid stepping on a cow pat (= lump of cow faeces). 弗雷德不得不跳过以避免踩到牛粪（=牛粪块）。

pat (v), pats, patting, patted: To touch quickly and gently with the flat part of your hand. 用手掌的扁平部分快速、轻柔地触摸。

Example: I thought I would get a kiss, but all she did was pat my shoulder! 示例：我以为我会得到一个吻，但她只是拍了拍我的肩膀！

pat (adj): Simple, not convincing. 简单，没有说服力。

Example: At the press conference, the politician's explanations were rather pat. 例：记者招待会上，政客的解释颇为拍板。

pat (adj): Learned, mastered, or memorised exactly. 准确地学习、掌握或记住。

Example: Asked about the background to her software project, Alice gave an absolutely pat answer. 示例：当被问及她的软件项目的背景时，爱丽丝给出了一个绝对中肯的回答。

pat (adv): Expertly, perfectly. 专业，完美。

Example: In the school play, "Grease", the girl playing the lead female role of "Sandy" played the part pat. 示例：在学校剧“Grease”中，扮演女主角“Sandy”的女孩扮演了帕特的角色。

PAY 工资 / 报酬 / 薪水 / 付 / 交 / 付款

pay (n, uncountable): Money you receive for doing a job. 您因工作而收到的钱。

Example: Betty doesn't like the long hours she's expected to work, but the pay is good. 示例：贝蒂不喜欢她工作的长时间，但薪水不错。

pay (v), pays, paying, paid: To give someone money for work they have done, or for goods that you bought from them. 为某人完成的工作或您从他们那里购买的商品付钱。

Examples: Frank paid a painter to paint the roof of their house. 例子：Frank 雇了一个画家来粉刷他们家的屋顶。

Alice paid the taxi driver with cash. 爱丽丝用现金付给了出租车司机。

Ask the customer if they would prefer to pay with cash or with a credit card. 询问客户是否愿意用现金或信用卡支付。

Ernie paid a lot of money to get his car fixed, and it's still not right! 厄尼花了很多钱修车，还是不行！

How much did you pay for the tickets? 你花了多少钱买票？

The Australian Taxation Office prefers that all workers pay their taxes. 澳大利亚税务局希望所有工人都缴纳税款。

"to pay for itself" = A machine or idea that works so well, it saves the amount of money that it cost. 一台运行良好的机器或想法，它可以节省成本。

Example: We installed a new drilling machine six months ago, and it's already paid for itself! 示例：我们六个月前安装了一台新钻孔机，它已经收回成本了！

"to pay for yourself" = To pay for some service without asking anyone else to pay for you. 为某些服务付费而不要求其他人为您付费。

Example: On a first date, Alice prefers to pay for herself at a meal, movie etc. 示例：在第一次约会时，爱丽丝更愿意为自己支付餐费、看电影等费用。

pay (v): To have a bad experience as a result of something you said or did. 由于您所说或所做的某事而导致糟糕的经历。

Example: Fred was impatient to get home, and he paid for this by getting a speeding ticket (= a police fine for driving too quickly). 示例：Fred 急于回家，为此他开了一张超速罚单（= 因开车太快而被警察罚款）。

"to pay the price" = To have a bad experience as a result of something you said or did. 由于您所说或所做的某事而导致糟糕的经历。

Example: Fred was impatient to get home, and he paid the price by getting a speeding ticket. 示例：弗雷德迫不及待地想回家，他为此付出了超速罚单。

pay (v): To give attention or a compliment to someone. 给予某人关注或称赞。

Examples: The Health Minister paid a compliment to hospital workers, for their dedication during the Covid outbreak. 示例：卫生部长赞扬了医院工作人员在 Covid 爆发期间的奉献精神。

A small group of people held a demonstration on the steps of Parliament, but no one paid them any attention. 一小群人在议会的台阶上举行示威，但没有人理会他们。

Friends and family gathered to pay their respects to Terry at his funeral. 朋友和家人聚集在他的葬礼上向特里表示敬意。

pay (v): To give an advantage to someone or something. 给某人或某物以好处。

Examples: If you look after your health when you are young, this will pay when you are older. 示例：如果您在年轻时注意自己的健康，那么在您年老时就会得到回报。

Gambling usually does not pay. 赌博通常不赚钱。

If you are a pilot, it never pays to ignore procedures and checklists. 如果您是一名飞行员，那么忽略程序和检查单永远不会有任何好处。

"to pay attention" = To watch or listen to someone or something carefully. 仔细观察或聆听某人或某事。

Example: Fred did not pay attention to what his Boss was saying. 示例：弗雷德没有注意他的老板在说什么。

"to pay someone or some place a call or a visit" =  To visit a person or place. 访问一个人或一个地方。

Examples: Betty paid her best friend a call, to check on her health. 示例：贝蒂给她最好的朋友打了电话，询问她的健康状况。

The tourists paid a visit to Werribee Zoo while they were in Melbourne. 游客们在墨尔本期间参观了华勒比动物园。

"to pay through the nose" = To pay too much money for something. 为某事付出过多的金钱。

Example: Ernie paid through the nose to get his car fixed. 示例：Ernie 为修车付出了高昂的代价。

"to put paid to something" = To finish something or to wreck any chance of it happening. 完成某事或破坏它发生的任何机会。

Example: A muscle strain put paid to the bowler's chance of playing in next week's game. 示例：肌肉拉伤让投球手失去了参加下周比赛的机会。

PEDAL 踏板 / 登 / 踏板的

pedal (n), pedals (pl): Part of a machine or object that you push with a foot to operate it or move it. 用脚推动以操作或移动的机器或物体的一部分。

Examples: A bicycle has two pedals. 示例：一辆自行车有两个踏板。

The cyclist (= bicycle rider) had to stand and push hard on the pedals to get up a steep hill. 骑自行车的人（=骑自行车的人）必须站立并用力踩踏板才能爬上陡峭的山坡。

Automatic cars have a brake pedal and an accelerator pedal. 自动挡汽车有制动踏板和加速踏板。Manual cars also have a clutch pedal. 手动汽车也有离合器踏板。

The antique sewing machine is operated by a foot pedal (also called a "treadle"). 古董缝纫机由脚踏板（也称为“踏板”）操作。

In our bathroom we have a pedal-operated rubbish bin. 在我们的浴室里，我们有一个脚踏式垃圾桶。

John's piano has two pedals. 约翰的钢琴有两个踏板。The right-hand one sustains the sound. 右边的一个保持声音。 The left-hand one makes it softer. 左手使它更柔软。

A church organ has 4 keyboards and a curved pedalboard with 32 pedals. 教堂风琴有 4 个键盘和一个带 32 个踏板的弯曲踏板。

pedal (v), pedals, pedalling, pedalled: To move a machine such as a bicycle by working its pedals. 通过踩踏板来移动自行车等机器。

Example: The cyclist had to stand and pedal hard to get up a steep hill. 示例：骑自行车的人必须站立并用力踩踏板才能爬上陡峭的山坡。

pedal (v): To use the pedals of a piano, organ or harp, to change the sound. 使用钢琴、风琴或竖琴的踏板来改变声音。

Example: At the climax of the music, the organist pedalled furiously. 示例：在音乐的高潮处，管风琴手猛烈地踩着踏板。

pedal (adj), note pronunciation: To do with feet. 与脚有关。

Example: To check the blood circulation in your feet, a doctor will do a pedal pulse examination, by feeling an artery on the top of your foot. 示例：为了检查脚部的血液循环，医生会通过触摸脚背上的动脉来进行脚踏脉搏检查。

pedal (adj): Operated by a pedal or pedals. 由一个或多个踏板操作。

Examples: The girl received a pedal car for Christmas. 例子：这个女孩在圣诞节收到了一辆脚踏车。

Fred and his girlfriend had fun with a pedal boat on the lake. 弗雷德和他的女朋友在湖上划着脚踏船玩得很开心。

John threw some oily rags into a pedal bin. 约翰把一些沾了油的抹布扔进了脚踏垃圾桶。

PEEL 果皮 / 剥 / 削皮

peel (n, uncountable): The skin of a fruit or a vegetable, after it has been cut off. 水果或蔬菜的皮，在它被切掉之后。

Examples: Usually, peel (also called "peelings") is put in a rubbish bin. 示例：通常，果皮（也称为“果皮”）被放入垃圾桶。

Yum! Candied mixed peel, one of John's favourite snacks! 百胜！ 果皮蜜饯，约翰最喜欢的零食之一！

peel (n), peels (pl): A long-handled tool like a paddle, used for getting something such as pizza or bread into or out of an oven. 一种像桨一样的长柄工具，用于将比萨饼或面包等物品放入烤箱或从烤箱中取出。

Example: The cook used a peel to slide our pizzas out of the wood-fired oven. 示例：厨师用果皮将我们的比萨饼从燃木烤箱中滑出。

peel (v), peels, peeling, peeled: To remove the skin from a fruit or a vegetable. 去除水果或蔬菜的外皮。

Examples: Muriel peeled, cored and chopped apples for a pie. 示例：Muriel 将苹果去皮、去核并切碎用于制作馅饼。

Be careful when peeling onions to hold them away from your eyes. 剥洋葱皮时要小心，以免它们进入眼睛。

Fred carefully peeled the skin off a kiwifruit, because it's not a part that anyone wants to eat. 弗雷德小心翼翼地剥下猕猴桃的皮，因为它不是任何人都想吃的部分。

peel (v): For a layer of paint or some other covering, if it peels, it slowly comes off. 对于一层油漆或其他一些覆盖物，如果它剥落，它会慢慢脱落。

Examples: The houses in this street are only 5 years old, and their paint is already starting to crack and peel. 例子：这条街的房子才5年，油漆就开始开裂剥落了。

The old wallpaper was peeling away from the walls. 大厅里的旧墙纸正在从墙上剥落。

peel (v): To slowly and carefully remove a layer of paint or some other covering. 缓慢而小心地去除一层油漆或其他覆盖物。

Examples: Frank carefully peeled old wallpaper from the hall walls. 示例：弗兰克小心翼翼地从大厅墙壁上剥下旧墙纸。

Alice peeled off the backing strip from the sticky label. 爱丽丝从粘性标签上撕下背衬条。

peel (v): If you get sunburned, and part of your skin peels, some of the top layer of your skin comes off. 如果你被晒伤，并且你的部分皮肤脱皮，你皮肤的一些表层就会脱落。

Examples: Fred did not wear a shirt or use sunscreen at the beach, and his back is peeling. 示例：弗雷德在海滩上没有穿衬衫或使用防晒霜，他的背部正在脱皮。

When you peel, it means that your skin has been damaged, and this can lead to skin cancer. 当你剥皮时，就意味着你的皮肤已经受损，这可能会导致皮肤癌。

"To peel away" = To separate from a group and move away in a different direction. 从一群人中分离出来并朝不同的方向移动。

Example: The outer lines of marchers peeled away and circled round behind the middle line. 示例：游行者的外侧线剥离并在中间线后面盘旋。

"to peel off" = To take off your clothing. 脱掉你的衣服。

Example: On the bush walk, Yan was going red in the face, and had to peel off her jacket to cool down. 示例：在丛林漫步时，艳脸红了，不得不脱掉外套降温。

PERMIT 许可证 / 允许 / 执照 / 许可 / 准许 / 容许

permit (n), permits (pl): An official document that gives someone authorisation (= permission) to do something. 授予某人授权（= 许可）做某事的官方文件。

Examples: Many Chinese people visit Australia on work permits. 示例：许多中国人持工作许可访问澳大利亚。

Betty needs to renew her parking permit for the car park at work. 贝蒂需要更新她工作停车场的停车证。

permit (v), permits, permitting, permitted: To allow someone to do something. 允许某人做某事。

Examples: The teenager wanted to go to the concert alone, but her parents wouldn't permit it. 例子：这个少年想一个人去看音乐会，但她的父母不允许。

If you don't type in your username and password correctly, the software will not permit you to log on. 如果您没有正确输入您的用户名和密码，该软件将不允许您登录。

Smoking is not permitted in any part of the factory. 工厂内任何地方都禁止吸烟。

Because of Covid, only one family member is permitted to visit a patient in hospital. 由于 Covid，只有一名家庭成员被允许探访医院的病人。

"to give something the go-ahead" = Another way of saying "to permit". 另一种说法是“允许”。

Example: Our local council has given the go-ahead to an extension of our shopping centre. 示例：我们的地方议会已批准扩建我们的购物中心。

permit (v): To make something possible. 使事情成为可能。 Examples: The Government wants to give workers a tax cut, when economic conditions permit it. 示例：政府希望在经济条件允许的情况下为工人减税。

We shall go to the beach this weekend, weather permitting (= if the weather is good enough). 如果天气允许（= 如果天气足够好），我们将在这个周末去海滩。

PICK 遴选 / 掘 / 叉 / 拨子 / 挑 / 选择 / 摘

pick (n), picks (pl): An act of choosing something from a group of alternatives. 从一组备选方案中选择某物的行为。

Examples: The car dealership was not busy, and we could take our pick of models and colours. 示例：汽车经销店不忙，我们可以挑选车型和颜色。

At the races, Alice made a good pick - her horse won! 在比赛中，爱丽丝做出了很好的选择——她的马赢了！

pick (n): A tool consisting of a curved bar with a point at one end and a chisel edge at the other, or with points at both ends. 一种工具，由一端有尖头和另一端有横刃的弯曲杆组成，或两端都有尖头。 It is attached at right angles to a long handle, to produce the force needed to break up rock or other hard objects. 它以直角连接到一个长手柄上，以产生破碎岩石或其他坚硬物体所需的力。

Example: The builder used a pick to cut a hole in a brick wall. 示例：建筑商使用镐在砖墙上凿了一个洞。

pick (n): A tool for plucking the string of a guitar, with a point and a place to hold in your fingers. 一种用于拨动吉他弦的工具，有一个点和一个可以握在手指上的地方。

Example: The guitarist used an antique ebony-wood pick. 示例：吉他手使用了古董乌木拨片。

"toothpick" = A pointed small piece of wood for cleaning teeth. 用于清洁牙齿的尖头小木头。

Example: After lunch, Yan used a toothpick in a very polite way. 示例：午餐后，艳非常有礼貌地用牙签。

pick (v), picks, picking, picked: To pull out a flower, fruit, or vegetable from where it is growing. 从生长的地方拔出花朵、水果或蔬菜。

Examples: John picked some wild blackberries from a bush. 示例：约翰从灌木丛中采摘了一些野生黑莓。

Muriel went to the garden to pick some flowers for the hall table. 穆里尔去花园为大厅的桌子摘了些花。

pick (v): To choose someone or something from a group of alternatives. 从一组备选方案中选择某人或某物。

Examples: We picked a Nissan electric vehicle in a bronze colour. 示例：我们选择了青铜色的日产电动汽车。

Betty was picked to represent her company at a conference. 贝蒂被选中代表她的公司参加一次会议。

pick (v): To make a hole in some material by pulling at it with your fingers. 用手指在某种材料上拉出一个洞。

Example: Muriel thought there was a small hole in a fly-screen, and when she picked at it she made it bigger. 示例：Muriel 认为飞幕上有一个小洞，当她挑选它时，她把它弄大了。

pick (v): To dig with your fingers into some part of your body. 用手指挖入身体的某个部位。

Examples: Sandra absent-mindedly picked at a pimple as she was talking. 示例：桑德拉在说话时心不在焉地抠了一个疙瘩。

Ernie picked his nose and inspected the results. 厄尼挖起鼻子检查结果。

pick (v): To pluck the strings of a musical instrument. 拨动乐器的琴弦。

Example: Fred picked out a tune on his guitar. 示例：弗雷德在他的吉他上挑选了一首曲子。

pick (v): To remove something, piece by piece. 一块一块地去除某物。

Examples: Ernie ate a delicious T-bone steak, and carefully picked every bit of meat from the bone. 示例：Ernie 吃了一份美味的丁骨牛排，仔细地从骨头上挑出每一块肉。

Frank picked the wall clean of left-over bits of wallpaper. 弗兰克把墙上剩下的墙纸碎片挑干净了。

"to pick your way" = To move slowly and carefully. 缓慢而小心地移动。

Example: Muriel picked her way through the footpath repair works. 示例：Muriel 在人行道维修工程中选择了自己的方式。

"to pick the brains of" = To obtain useful information from someone by questioning them. 通过询问某人从他们那里获得有用的信息。

Example: At the trade show, John was picking the brains of a sales representative about a new microprocessor. 示例：在贸易展上，约翰正在就一种新的微处理器向一位销售代表征求意见。

"pick an argument / pick a fight" = To provoke one or more people. 激怒一个或多个人。

Example: The drunk man tried to pick a fight with four other men. 示例：喝醉的人试图挑起与其他四个人的争斗。

"to pick on" = To bully someone. 去欺负一个人。 "to be picked on" = To be bullied. 被欺负。

Example: Fred was regularly picked on by bigger boys at school. 示例：弗雷德经常在学校被大男孩欺负。

pick (v): To open a lock without using a key. 不用钥匙开锁。

Example: The robber quickly picked the simple lock on the house's back door. 示例：强盗迅速撬开了房子后门上的简单锁。

"to pick at" = To eat a tiny amount of the food on your plate. 吃少量盘子里的食物。

Example: Sandra didn't feel well, and just picked at her food. 示例：Sandra 感觉不舒服，只是挑食。

"to pick a pocket" = To gently steal things from someone's pocket, so that they don't notice. 轻轻地从某人的口袋里偷东西，以免他们注意到。

Example: At the fair, Bert's jacket pocket was picked; fortunately the thief didn't take his wallet. 示例：在交易会上，Bert 的夹克口袋被扒了； 幸运的是小偷没有拿走他的钱包。

PIT 坑 / 矿井 / 凹洞 / 核 / 溛 / 对抗

pit (n), pits (pl): A mine or a place from which some mineral is removed by digging. 通过挖掘去除某些矿物的矿山或地方。

Examples: The coal-mining industry wants to open new pits. 示例：采煤业想要开辟新矿井。

A lithium miner discovered a deposit of lithium ore close to the surface, so they will need to scrape out just a shallow pit to get at it. 一位锂矿工在靠近地表的地方发现了锂矿床，因此他们只需要挖出一个浅坑即可开采。

pit (n): A large hole in the ground. 地上有个大洞。

Examples: The soldiers discovered a pit filled with murdered civilians. 示例：士兵们发现了一个坑，里面堆满了被谋杀的平民。

The drainage inspection pit was nearly 3 metres deep. 排水检查坑深近3米。

pit (n): A hollow or dent in a surface. 表面上的空洞或凹痕。

Examples: A hailstorm left pits in the roof of Ernie's car. 例子：一场冰雹在厄尼的车顶上留下了坑。

Bert had bad acne as a teenager, and the skin of his face has many pits as a result. 伯特十几岁的时候就长了严重的痘痘，脸上的皮肤也因此长了很多坑。

pit (n): At a car racing track, an area beside the track where cars can stop for fuel and tyres. 在赛车场，赛道旁边的一个区域，汽车可以在这里停下来加油和轮胎。

Example: When it started raining, every car had to come into the pits (= make a "pit stop") to change to more suitable tyres. 示例：开始下雨时，每辆车都必须进站（=“进站”）更换更合适的轮胎。

pit (n): In a theatre, a place for an orchestra, in front of the stage but lower. 在剧院里，管弦乐队的位置，在舞台前面但较低。

Example: At the opera, we could just see the conductor standing in the pit, waving his baton. 示例：在歌剧中，我们只能看到指挥站在坑里，挥舞着他的指挥棒。

pit (n): In Stock Exchanges which are not completely electronic, a place where stocks are bought and sold by traders shouting. 在不完全电子化的证券交易所，交易员大声买卖股票的地方。

Example: Pits used to be crowded, noisy, stressful places. 示例：坑曾经是拥挤、嘈杂、压力大的地方。Now most trading is done on computer screens. 现在大多数交易都是在电脑屏幕上完成的。

pit (n): An enclosed space where animals are made to fight. 一个封闭的空间，动物们在这里战斗。

Example: On holiday in the Philippines we visited a cock-fighting pit. 示例：在菲律宾度假时，我们参观了一个斗鸡场。

"the pits" (n) [SL:] Something that is of very low quality. 质量很低的东西。

Example: The motel we stayed in last night was the pits! 示例：我们昨晚住的汽车旅馆就是坑！

pit (n): A very dirty or untidy place. 一个非常肮脏或凌乱的地方。

Example: The restaurant's kitchen is a pit! 例：餐厅的厨房是个坑！

pit (n): A large, hard seed inside some types of fruit. 某些类型水果内的大而硬的种子。

Example: Peaches, plums and olives all contain pits. 示例：桃子、李子和橄榄都含有果核。

"the pit of your stomach" = The part of your body in which you may feel nervousness or fear. “胃部”= 您可能感到紧张或恐惧的身体部位。

Example: Fred got a sick feeling in the pit of his stomach when he heard news of layoffs (= sacking of workers). 示例：当 Fred 听到裁员（= 解雇工人）的消息时，他的胃里有一种恶心的感觉。

pit (v), pits, pitting, pitted: To set humans or animals in competition, or even conflict. 让人类或动物竞争，甚至发生冲突。

Examples: This weekend's soccer match is a chance to pit ourselves against the top team. 示例：本周末的足球比赛是我们与顶级球队较量的机会。

During the American Civil War, brother was pitted against brother. 在美国内战期间，兄弟之间发生了争执。

pit (v): To make a hollow or indentation in the surface of something. 在某物的表面做一个凹陷或压痕。

Examples: The hailstorm pitted the roof and bonnet of Ernie's car. 示例：冰雹使 Ernie 汽车的车顶和引擎盖凹陷。

Huge raindrops pitted the bare, dusty earth. 巨大的雨滴点缀着光秃秃的尘土飞扬的土地。

pit (v): To remove the pits from fruit. 去除水果上的果核。

Example: Muriel bought a pack of prunes and then had to pit them, before stewing. 示例：Muriel 买了一包李子，然后在炖之前去核。

PLANE 机 / 飞机 / 刨 / 水平面

plane (n), planes (pl): A flat surface, with no bumps or dips. 平坦的表面，没有凸起或凹陷。

Examples: The builder carefully built the house walls at 90 degrees to a horizontal plane. 示例：建造者小心翼翼地建造了与水平面呈 90 度角的房屋墙壁。

This gun can raise its barrel up to 45 degrees above a horizontal plane. 这把枪可以将枪管升高到水平面以上 45 度。

plane (n): An airplane (also spelled aeroplane), a flying machine with one or more engines. 飞机（也拼写为 aeroplane），一种带有一个或多个引擎的飞行器。 Planes with no engines are called "gliders". 没有引擎的飞机被称为“滑翔机”。

Example: Officially, the first plane to fly in a sustained and controlled way was the Wright Brothers' "Wright Flyer" in 1903. 示例：正式地，第一架以持续和受控的方式飞行的飞机是莱特兄弟在 1903 年的“莱特飞行器”。

plane (n): A level of existence, thought, or development. 存在、思想或发展的水平。

Examples: The World as we see it is thought to exist on level 3 of 9 planes. 示例：我们所看到的世界被认为存在于 9 个平面的第 3 层。

When Alice is occupied with a difficult programming problem, it's almost as if she is working on a different plane from other people in the office! 当 Alice 忙于解决一个困难的编程问题时，就好像她在与办公室里的其他人不同的平面上工作！

plane (n): A tool consisting of a block with a steel blade slightly sticking out from it, used to smooth a wooden or other surface by removing shavings from it. 一种工具，由块块组成，钢刀片从块块中略微伸出，用于通过去除木屑或其他表面上的刨花来使木块或其他表面光滑。

Example: Frank carefully used a plane to remove the bumps from one side of a wooden board. 示例：弗兰克小心翼翼地用刨子去除木板一侧的凸起。

plane (n): A large deciduous tree, originally from North America and Eastern Europe, with leaves like maple trees. 一种大型落叶乔木，原产于北美和东欧，叶子像枫树。

Example: In Melbourne, many plane trees give welcome shade during summer. 示例：在墨尔本，许多梧桐树在夏季给人以阴凉之感。

plane (adj): Completely flat. 完全平坦。

Example: The expensive machine can grind any uneven surface until it is plane. 示例：昂贵的机器可以将任何不平整的表面打磨成平面。

plane (v), planes, planing, planed: To smooth some material (usually wood) using a plane. 使用平面平滑某些材料（通常是木材）。

Example: Frank carefully planed the edges of the wooden board to a smooth finish. 示例：Frank 仔细地将木板的边缘刨平，使其表面光滑。

plane (v): To glide through the air without flapping wings or using engines. 无需拍打翅膀或使用引擎即可在空中滑行。

Example: We watched as a seagull planed down towards the lake. 例子：我们看着一只海鸥向湖面飞去。

PLANT 厂 / 株 / 内应 / 植物 / 种 / 植 / 植物

plant (n), plants (pl) [US: plant, plants]: A living thing that grows in earth (or sometimes water, called "hydroponics"). 生长在地球（或有时是水，称为“水培法”）中的生物。

Not capable of moving: in other words, it is "planted". 不能移动：换句话说，它是“被种植的”。

It has a stem, leaves and roots. 它有茎、叶和根。

Its leaves produce sugars from carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, producing oxygen. 它的叶子通过光合作用从二氧化碳中产生糖，产生氧气。

Examples: John's garden is planted with many Australian native plants. 例子：约翰的花园里种着许多澳大利亚本土植物。

With fewer bees, pollination of plants is reduced. 蜜蜂减少，植物的授粉减少。

Muriel bought some quick-growing plants to fill in gaps in her garden. 穆里尔买了一些速生植物来填补她花园里的空白。

plant (n): A place where an industrial process takes place, or electricity is generated. 发生工业过程或产生电力的地方。

Examples: Tesla opened a huge car assembly plant in Germany. 示例：特斯拉在德国开设了一家大型汽车装配厂。

The Latrobe Valley, east of Melbourne, has a couple of coal-fired power plants, which are being phased out. 墨尔本以东的拉特罗布谷 (Latrobe Valley) 有几座燃煤电厂，这些电厂正在逐步淘汰。

plant (n): A large, heavy machine used for road-building and other industries. 用于筑路和其他行业的大型重型机器。

Examples: At the roadworks, signs said "beware of slow plant, maximum speed 30 km/hr". 示例：在道路工程中，标牌上写着“小心缓慢的工厂，最高速度 30 公里/小时”。

If you need to borrow scaffolding, a forklift, etc for a few days, go to a plant hire company. 如果您需要借脚手架、叉车等几天，请去植物租赁公司。

plant (n): A person put in a group to be a spy or informer. 一个人被安排在一个小组中成为间谍或告密者。

Example: The engineer we recently hired turned out to be a plant, trying to steal our secrets. 示例：我们最近聘请的工程师原来是一家工厂，试图窃取我们的秘密。

plant (n): Something illegal put secretly in a person's clothing or among their possessions, to make them seem guilty of a crime. 偷偷放在一个人的衣服或财产中的非法物品，使他们看起来有罪。

Example: The businessman insisted the money was a plant. 示例：商人坚持说钱是植物。

plant (v), plants, planting, planted: To put a seed or plant in the ground or in a container, so that it can grow. 将种子或植物放入地里或容器中，使其生长。

Examples: Frank planted three fruit trees in late winter. 示例：弗兰克在冬末种了三棵果树。

Muriel planted some capsicum plants in her garden by the back door. 穆里尔在她后门的花园里种了一些辣椒。

plant (v): To put plants in a particular area. 将植物放在特定区域。

Examples: The walled garden was planted with orange and lemon trees. 例子：带围墙的花园里种着橘子树和柠檬树。

Muriel's herb garden is densely planted (= the plants are close together). Muriel 的药草园种植茂密（= 植物靠得很近）。

plant (v): To put something firmly in a particular place. 把东西牢牢地放在一个特定的地方。

Examples: The children came home from school and planted themselves in front of the TV. 例子：孩子们放学回家，坐在电视机前。

Alice's boyfriend planted a kiss on her cheek. 爱丽丝的男朋友在她的脸颊上亲了一下。

plant (v): To cause an idea to exist. 使一个想法存在。

Example: Somebody planted rumours about a large bank failing, leading to a rush on savings in every bank. 示例：有人散布有关一家大型银行倒闭的谣言，导致每家银行都抢购储蓄。

plant (v): To put something in a place secretly. 把东西偷偷地放在一个地方。

Example: The tourist insisted that the drugs found in her luggage had been planted on her. 示例：游客坚称在她的行李中发现的毒品是被种在她身上的。

A bomb was planted in a rubbish bin in the middle of a busy market. 在一个繁忙的市场中间的垃圾桶里放了一枚炸弹。

PLAY 玩 / 游戏 / 戏 / 比赛 / 玩耍

play (n, uncountable): An activity done for enjoyment and recreation. 为享受和娱乐而进行的活动。

Example: In the Botanical Gardens we saw many children at play. 示例：在植物园，我们看到很多孩子在玩耍。

play (n), plays (pl): A dramatic work to be put on a stage, or to be broadcast. 被搬上舞台或播出的戏剧作品。

Examples: Over 5 years, Alice took part in many school plays. 示例：5 年多来，爱丽丝参加了许多学校戏剧。

In 1938, a radio play "The War of the Worlds" by Orson Welles, about a Martian invasion, caused widespread panic in America. 1938年，奥森·威尔斯的广播剧《世界大战》讲述了火星人入侵的故事，在美国引起了广泛的恐慌。

play (n, uncountable): The course of a sports match or contest. 体育比赛或比赛的过程。

Example: In the cricket Test, rain interrupted the third day's play. 示例：在板球测试中，下雨打断了第三天的比赛。

play (n, uncountable): The space in or through which a mechanism can move. 机械装置可以在其中移动或通过的空间。

Example: One of the car's wheel bearings was worn, giving a small amount of play in the steering. 示例：汽车的一个车轮轴承磨损，导致转向有少量间隙。

play (n, uncountable): Constantly-changing movement. 不断变化的运动。

Example: The play of late afternoon sunlight on the waves was beautiful to see. 例子：傍晚的阳光洒在海浪上的景色很美。

play (n): An action in a game or business, or in flirting. 游戏、生意或调情中的动作。

Examples: The powerful businessman made a play to take over one of his competitors. 示例：强大的商人想方设法要接管他的一个竞争对手。

The next play in the soccer match came from the right wing, with a long through pass finding an attacking forward player. 足球比赛的下一场比赛来自右翼，长距离传球找到了进攻的前锋球员。

The Accounts Clerk made a play for Alice the first time he saw her. 会计员第一次见到爱丽丝时就戏弄了她。

play (n): Publicity, on radio, TV and social media. 在广播、电视和社交媒体上进行宣传。

Example: The English cricket team always gets a good play on Aussie TV. 示例：英国板球队在澳大利亚电视上总是表现出色。

play (v), plays, playing, played: To do something for enjoyment and recreation. 为了享受和娱乐而做某事。

Example: Many children were playing in the Botanical Gardens. 示例：许多孩子在植物园玩耍。

play (v): To take part in a sport. 参加一项运动。

Example: Alice likes to play tennis. 示例：爱丽丝喜欢打网球。

play (v): To represent a person (known as a "character") in a performance in a theatre, or in a movie. 在剧院或电影中代表一个人（称为“角色”）。

Examples: Over five years, Alice played many parts in her school concerts. 示例：五年多来，爱丽丝在她的学校音乐会中扮演了很多角色。

The actor played the part of a mad scientist. 演员扮演一个疯狂科学家的角色。

play (v): To perform on a musical instrument. 在乐器上演奏。

Example: John enjoys playing classical piano. 例子：约翰喜欢弹古典钢琴。

play (v): To appear and disappear quickly. 快速出现和消失。

Example: Sunlight played on the rippling surface of the pond. 例子：阳光洒在池塘波光粼粼的水面上。

play (v): To allow a fish to tire itself pulling against the line, so that you can reel it in easily. 让鱼厌倦自己拉线，这样您就可以轻松地将其卷入。

Example: Some large game fish need to be played for hours - a great contest between fish and fisherman. 示例：一些大型游戏鱼需要玩几个小时 - 鱼和渔夫之间的一场伟大比赛。

"to play around" = To have promiscuous sex. 有淫乱的性行为。

Example: Fred has been tempted to play around, but his girlfriend keeps a close watch on him. 示例：弗雷德很想四处玩耍，但他的女朋友一直在密切注视着他。

PLOUGH 犁 / 耕 / 耕地 / 耒

plough [US: plow] (n), ploughs (pl): A machine used in farming, which cuts into soil and turns it over, ready for planting. 一种用于农业的机器，它切入土壤并将其翻过来，准备种植。

Example: In the distance, a large plough was at work. 示例：远处，一台大犁正在工作。

plough (n): A machine that cuts and turns, like a plough, for example a snowplough. 一种切割和转动的机器，如犁，例如扫雪机。

Example: A number of ploughs kept the main city streets clear of snow. 示例：许多犁使城市主要街道上没有积雪。

plough (v), ploughs, ploughing, ploughed: To cut and turn over some earth, ready for planting. 切割和翻转一些泥土，准备种植。

Example: In the distance, a bright yellow machine ploughed the enormous field. 示例：远处，一台亮黄色的机器在广阔的田野上耕作。

plough (v): To move in a fast way, with no control. 快速移动，不受控制。

Example: The car ran off the road and ploughed into a fence. 例子：汽车冲出马路撞上了栅栏。

plough (v): To part the surface of something, like snow or water, and push through it. 分开某物的表面，如雪或水，并穿过它。

Examples: Frank ploughed his way through half a metre of fresh snow to reach their letter-box. 示例：弗兰克艰难地穿过半米厚的新雪，到达他们的信箱。

Hundreds of cargo ships plough sea-routes from China to Australia each year. 每年有数百艘货船从中国驶往澳大利亚的海上航线。

plough (v): To spend or invest a large amount of money. 花费或投资大量金钱。

Example: The lucky lottery winner ploughed most of their money into the Stock Market. 示例：幸运的彩票中奖者将大部分资金投入了股市。

plough (v): To do a job steadily and with effort. 踏踏实实、踏踏实实地做好工作。

Example: Fred had to plough through a pile of stock requisitions. 示例：Fred 不得不仔细阅读一堆库存申请。

"to plough ahead" = To continue to do something despite having problems. 尽管遇到问题继续做某事。

Example: Our local Council is ploughing ahead with building a basketball centre. 示例：我们当地的议会正在努力建设一个篮球中心。

"to plough back into" = To return the profits of a business back into the business, to make it grow. 将企业的利润返还给企业，使其发展。

Example: For the first 5 years, John ploughed back most of his profits into his business. 示例：在最初的 5 年里，约翰将大部分利润投入到他的业务中。

PLUG 插头 / 塞子 / 栓 / 扑落 / 壅

plug (n), plugs (pl): A piece of wood, rubber, plastic etc used to fill a hole. 一块木头、橡胶、塑料等用来填满一个洞。

Example: John fitted two plastic plugs to holes in an electricity box, preventing people from putting their fingers inside. 示例：约翰在电箱的孔中安装了两个塑料插头，以防止人们将手指伸入其中。

plug (n): A piece of wood, rubber, plastic etc that is blocking a pipe. 一块木头、橡胶、塑料等堵塞了管道。

Example: A plug of dirty rags caused the sink to overflow. 示例：一块脏抹布导致水槽溢出。

plug (n): An object for making an electrical connection. 用于进行电气连接的物体。The "male" plug has metal pins that fit into holes in a "female" socket. “公”插头有金属针，可以插入“母”插座的孔中。

Example: Three-pin plugs are safer than two-pin plugs because they provide an "earth" connection. 示例：三芯插头比两芯插头更安全，因为它们提供“接地”连接。

plug (n) [SL:]: A piece of publicity promoting a product, event, or business. 宣传产品、活动或业务的宣传片。

Example: We have a very good Indian restaurant in our shopping centre, and we like to give it a plug when talking to friends. 示例：我们的购物中心有一家非常好的印度餐厅，我们喜欢在与朋友交谈时给它加个赞。

plug (n): A piece of chewing tobacco cut from a larger piece. 从大块上切下的一块咀嚼烟草。

Example: The tobacconist sells chewing tobacco in plugs. 示例：烟草商出售带塞的咀嚼烟草。

plug (n): A small piece removed from a larger object. 从较大物体上取下的一小块。

Example: The arborist (= tree doctor) took a plug of the dying tree for laboratory analysis. 示例：树艺师（= 树木医生）取了一根垂死的树的插头进行实验室分析。

"spark plug" (n) = An object that screws into a petrol engine and produces sparks to ignite the fuel. 拧入汽油发动机并产生火花以点燃燃料的物体。

Example: The mechanic replaced all the spark plugs in the car's engine. 示例：机械师更换了汽车发动机中的所有火花塞。

"fire plug" (n) [US:] = An American name for a fire hydrant. 消防栓的美国名称。

Example: You should not park within 1 metre of a fire plug. 示例：您不应将车停在距火栓 1 米的范围内。

plug (v), plugs, plugging, plugged: To block or fill a hole. 堵住或填满一个洞。

Examples: Frank plugged a hole in a wall with "Polyfilla" sealant. 示例：弗兰克用“Polyfilla”密封胶堵住了墙上的一个洞。

John plugged two holes in an electricity box. 约翰在电箱上塞了两个洞。

plug (v) [SL:] To publicly mention a product, event, or business. 公开提及产品、事件或业务。

Example: We have a very good Indian restaurant in our shopping centre, and we like to plug it when talking to friends. 示例：我们的购物中心有一家非常好的印度餐厅，我们喜欢在与朋友交谈时插上它。

plug (v): To stop up something by putting a plug in it. 通过插入塞子来阻止某物。

Example: The engineer plugged the leaking oil tank. 示例：工程师堵住了泄漏的油箱。

plug (v): To fix a problem, as if by putting a plug in it. 解决问题，就好像插上插头一样。

Example: John's English Course aims to plug the gaps in your understanding of English. 示例：约翰的英语课程旨在填补您对英语理解的空白。

plug (v) [SL:] To hit someone or something with a bullet. 用子弹击中某人或某物。

Example: The robber shot at police, who returned fire and plugged him twice. 示例：强盗向警察开枪，警察还击并两次堵住他。

plug (v): To do a job steadily and with effort. 踏踏实实、踏踏实实地做好工作。

Example: Betty plugged away typing a long report. 示例：Betty 一直在打长篇报告。

"plug and play" = To work immediately and perfectly with another object, when plugged into it. 立即完美地与另一个对象一起工作，当插入它时。

Example: Computer devices these days are all plug-and-play. 示例：现在的计算机设备都是即插即用的。

"to plug into" = To connect to a source of knowledge or social activity. 连接到知识来源或社交活动。

Example: Having just moved to Melbourne, the young woman plugged herself into the local tennis club and speaking group. 示例：这位年轻女士刚搬到墨尔本，就加入了当地的网球俱乐部和演讲小组。

plug (v): To connect something as if it's being plugged in. 连接某物，就好像它被插入一样。

Example: This outer Melbourne suburb has recently been plugged into the sewerage system. 示例：这个墨尔本外围郊区最近接入了污水处理系统。

"to pull the plug" = To stop some project due to lack of demand, or money to develop it. 由于缺乏需求或开发资金而停止某些项目。

Example: The Council has realised that a new basketball centre is not a good use of money, and has pulled the plug. 示例：委员会已经意识到新的篮球中心不是一个很好的金钱用途，并且已经停止了。

POKE 刺 / 戳 / 拨开

poke (n), pokes (pl): An act of poking someone or something. 戳某人或某物的行为。

Examples: Frank started to "drop off" (= fall asleep) while watching TV, so Muriel gave him a poke. 示例：Frank 在看电视时开始“掉线”（= 睡着了），所以 Muriel 戳了戳他。

When a wood fire starts to give less heat, you can give it a poke and stoke it up again. 当柴火开始散发较少的热量时，您可以戳一下并再次点燃它。

poke (n): [US:] A bag or sack. 一个袋子或袋子。

Example: The word "poke" comes from the French "poque", meaning "bag". 示例：“poke”一词来自法语“poque”，意思是“袋子”。Add "-ette" to it and you have "poquette", in English "pocket", meaning a small bag. 加上“-ette”，你就有了“poquette”，英文是“pocket”，意思是一个小包。

"a pig in a poke" = An offer that is foolishly accepted without being examined first. 未经审查就愚蠢地接受的提议。

Example: Ernie bought a second-hand car, which turned out to be a pig in a poke. 例子：Ernie 买了一辆二手车，结果证明是戳穿了猪。

poke (n): [SL:] A look around a place. 环顾一处。

Example: John discovered blackberry bushes during a walk, so he had a poke around and a nice snack of berries. 示例：约翰在散步时发现了黑莓灌木丛，所以他四处闲逛，吃了一顿美味的浆果零食。

poke (v), pokes, poking, poked: To prod someone or something, especially with your finger. 戳某人或某物，尤指用你的手指。

Example: When Frank started to drop off while watching TV, Muriel poked him. 示例：当弗兰克在看电视时开始下车时，穆里尔戳了戳他。

poke (v): To push some object in a certain direction. 将一些物体推向某个方向。

Example: Hearing a loud noise in the hallway, Betty poked her head around the office door to see what was causing it. 示例：贝蒂听到走廊里有很大的噪音，她从办公室门周围探出头来看看是什么原因造成的。

"to poke around" = To have a look around a place. 环顾四周。

Example: John discovered some blackberry bushes during a walk, so he poked around a bit and got a nice snack of berries. 示例：约翰在散步时发现了一些黑莓灌木丛，所以他四处闲逛，得到了一份不错的浆果零食。

POP 爆声 / 碳酸饮料 / 流行音乐 / 抛出 / 射击

pop (n), pops (pl): A light explosive sound. 轻快的爆炸声。

Example: People were celebrating a win at the horse racing, and we could hear the pops of champagne corks all around. 示例：人们正在庆祝赛马胜利，我们可以听到周围香槟酒瓶塞的爆裂声。

pop (n): Carbonated (= fizzy) soft drink. 碳酸（=汽水）软饮料。

Example: At the shop, a vending machine sold bottles of pop. 示例：在商店里，自动售货机出售瓶装汽水。

pop (n): A cycle of actions. 一个动作循环。

Examples: This machine fits and screws up four screws at a pop. 示例：这台机器一下子就可以安装并拧紧四个螺丝。

Fred can eat a handful of nuts at one pop. 弗雷德可以一次吃掉一把坚果。

pop (n): An attempt. 一次尝试。

Example: An Australian car had a pop at the World Land Speed Record. 示例：一辆澳大利亚汽车打破了世界陆地速度记录。

pop (n) [SL:] Popular commercial music, tuneful and easy to listen to. 流行的商业音乐，旋律优美，易于聆听。

Example: Pop music usually has easily singable melodies and can be liked by people with no musical training. 示例：流行音乐通常具有易于演唱的旋律，没有受过音乐训练的人也可以喜欢。

Pop (n): A contraction of "papa" or "poppa", meaning father. “papa”或“poppa”的缩写，意思是父亲。

Example: May I bring Pop to the party? 示例：我可以带 Pop 来参加聚会吗？

pop (v), pops, popping, popped: To make a light explosive sound. 发出轻微的爆炸声。

Example: At the celebration, champagne corks popped all around. 示例：在庆祝活动中，香槟瓶塞到处都是。

"pop in" / "pop out": To go somewhere for a short time. 去某个地方短时间。

Examples: Muriel popped out to the shops. 示例：Muriel 突然出现在商店里。

Frank's neighbour popped in to check that his lawnmower was still working ok. 弗兰克的邻居突然进来检查他的割草机是否仍在正常工作。

pop (v): For a person's eyes, to appear to stick out in surprise. 对于一个人的眼睛，要显得突兀。

Example: Betty's eyes popped when she received an email giving her a pay rise (= an increase in pay). 示例：当 Betty 收到一封给她加薪（= 加薪）的电子邮件时，她的眼睛睁得大大的。

pop (v): To visually stand out. 在视觉上脱颖而出。

Example: The red kangaroo design on the tail of Qantas planes makes their appearance pop. 示例：Qantas 飞机尾部的红色袋鼠设计使其外观流行。

"to pop pills" = To take a recreational drug. 服用消遣性药物。

Example: About 10 percent of the drivers on Australian roads are popping pills, usually amphetamine. 示例：澳大利亚道路上约有 10% 的司机服用安非他命。

pop (v): To hit someone. 去打人。

Example: Somebody tried to pick Fred's pocket, so Fred popped him on the nose and he ran away. 例子：有人想偷弗雷德的口袋，弗雷德朝他的鼻子一扑，他就跑了。

pop (v): To push or put something suddenly. 突然推或放东西。

Example: Fred popped another handful of nuts into his mouth. 示例：弗雷德又往嘴里塞了一把坚果。

She popped her head around the door. 她在门周围探出头来。

Sandra popped the cake in the oven for thirty minutes. 桑德拉将蛋糕放入烤箱烤了三十分钟。

pop (v): To cause something to burst open. 使某物爆裂。

Examples: People were celebrating a win at the horse racing, popping champagne corks all around. 示例：人们正在庆祝赛马胜利，四处开香槟。

Bert pushed a button to pop the boot [US: trunk] on his car. 伯特按下一个按钮，打开他汽车上的后备箱 [美国：后备箱]。

pop (v): To come, or appear, or go suddenly. 来，或突然出现，或突然消失。

Examples: A solution to a problem popped into John's head. 示例： John 突然想到一个问题的解决方案。

A squirrel popped out of a hole in the tree. 一只松鼠从树洞里钻了出来。

Massage shops are popping up all over the city. 按摩店遍布全城。

The bosses were discussing who to send to a conference, and Betty's name popped up. 老板们正在讨论派谁去开会，贝蒂的名字突然出现了。

pop (v): To break off something. 打破某事。

Examples: The lid on John's toolbox is bent, and keeps popping off. 示例：John 工具箱的盖子弯曲了，而且一直在弹出。

When the box was dropped, some rivets popped loose. 当盒子掉落时，一些铆钉松动了。

pop (v): To make a sharp sound. 发出尖锐的声音。

Example: The girl's balloon popped and she started to cry. 示例：女孩的气球爆了，她开始哭了。

pop (adv): With a light explosive sound. 伴随着轻微的爆炸声。

Example: The bottle of champagne went pop. 示例：一瓶香槟爆裂了。

pop (adj): To do with commercial popular music. 做商业流行音乐。

Example: The pop singer Elton John made a final tour of Australia in 2023. 示例：流行歌手埃尔顿·约翰 (Elton John) 于 2023 年进行了最后一次澳大利亚巡演。

POST 柱 / 邮 / 职位 / 邮递

post (n), posts (pl): A length of timber or metal set upright in the ground, used to support something such as a fence, a sign or a roof. 直立在地面上的一段木材或金属，用于支撑栅栏、标志或屋顶等物体。

Example: Frank and a friend spent a day concreting posts for a fence. 示例：弗兰克和一个朋友花了一天时间为栅栏浇筑混凝土。

post (n): A job. 一份工作。

Example: The politician was given the post of Defence Minister. 示例：政治家被任命为国防部长。

post (n): A place where a particular activity occurs. 发生特定活动的地方。

Example: The travellers arrived at a border Customs Post. 示例：旅客到达边境海关站。

post (n): A picture or piece of writing published on the Internet. 在 Internet 上发布的图片或文章。

Example: The influencer posted a post discussing vaccination. 示例：影响者发布了一段讨论疫苗接种的视频。

"the post" = A service that carries letters and parcels from one place to another. Also called "the mail". 将信件和包裹从一个地方运送到另一个地方的服务。 也称为“邮件”。

Example: Muriel popped a birthday card for her grandson in the post. 示例：Muriel 在帖子中为她的孙子贴了一张生日贺卡。

post (v), posts, posting, posted: To display a notice for reading by the public. 发布通知供公众阅读。

Example: The Council posted a notice of its plan to close part of a road. 示例：委员会张贴了其计划关闭部分道路的通知。

post (v): To announce a financial result. 公布财务结果。

Example: The car manufacturer posted a $3.4 billion loss. 示例：汽车制造商公布了 34 亿美元的亏损。

post (v): In bookkeeping, to enter an amount in a ledger, usually on a computer. 在簿记中，在分类帐中输入金额，通常是在计算机上。

Example: The bookkeeper posted a batch of sales invoices. 示例：簿记员过帐了一批销售发票。

post (v): To send someone to a place to start a job. 派人到一个地方开始工作。

Examples: The ex-politician was posted to London as Ambassador. 示例：这位前政治家被派往伦敦担任大使。

Tesla posted an engineer from Shanghai to Houston to solve problems in their Texas factory. 特斯拉派了一名工程师从上海到休斯敦解决德克萨斯工厂的问题。

post (prep): After. 后。

Example: The Iranian economy post-revolution has been poor. 示例：革命后的伊朗经济一直很差。

"to postdate" = To record something as happening in the future. 记录将来发生的事情。

Example: Bert wrote and post-dated a cheque, so that it couldn't be banked for a few days. 示例：Bert 写了一张支票，并在支票上注明了日期，因此几天内无法将其存入银行。

post (prefix): In anatomy, positioned behind. 在解剖学上，位于后面。

Example: Yan had a bad sinus infection, with an annoying post-nasal drip. 示例：艳有严重的鼻窦感染，伴有烦人的鼻后滴漏。

PRACTICE (or PRACTISE) 练习 / 做法 / 作法 / 实践 / 练

There are two spellings of this word in British and Australian English. 这个词在英国英语和澳大利亚英语中有两种拼写。PRACTICE is a noun, PRACTISE is a verb. PRACTICE是名词，PRACTICE是动词。

Most countries in the World use US English, in which there is just one spelling: PRACTICE. 世界上大多数国家使用美国英语，其中只有一个拼写：PRACTICE。

practice (n, uncountable): Repeated exercise of a skill, so as to become better. 反复练习一项技能，才能变得更好。

Examples: It takes a lot of practice to become fluent in English. 示例：要说一口流利的英语需要大量练习。

It is good practice to practise daily. 每天练习是很好的练习。

practice (n), practices (pl): Practical application of theory. 理论的实际应用。

Example: John went to night school to learn about the theory and practice of welding. 示例：约翰去夜校学习焊接理论和实践。

practice (n): The usual way of doing something. 做某事的通常方式。

Example: The current practice for treating a small cut is to glue it rather than use stitches. 示例：目前处理小伤口的做法是粘合而不是缝合。

practice (n): A professional business. 一个专业的企业。

Example: We have a large medical practice in our suburb. 示例：我们郊区有一家大型医疗机构。

practise (v), practises, practising, practised: To repeatedly exercise a skill, so as to become better. 反复练习一项技能，从而变得更好。

Example: It is good practice to practise daily. 示例：每天练习是很好的做法。

practise (v): To do some activity in the usual way. 以通常的方式做一些活动。

Example: Witchcraft is still practised in Papua New Guinea. 示例：巴布亚新几内亚仍在使用巫术。

practise (v): To work in a professional business. 在专业的企业工作。

Example: Bert's doctor has been practising medicine for 32 years. 示例：Bert 的医生已经行医 32 年了。