第 164 课：具有多种含义的单词：S（第 1 组）

Lesson 164: Words with Many Meanings: S (set 1)

Some of these words have appeared in earlier lessons. 其中一些单词在之前的课程中已经出现过。This lesson gives you more information about them. 本课程为您提供有关它们的更多信息。

SAIL 开船 / 帆 / 航行

sail (n), sails (pl): A piece of fabric attached to a mast of a boat, used to catch the wind and push the boat forward. 附在船桅上的一块织物，用于捕捉风并推动船前进。

Example: The sailor had to climb up the mast to repair a torn sail. 示例：水手必须爬上桅杆才能修复撕裂的帆。

sail (n): A journey or trip made on a boat or ship. 在船或轮船上进行的旅程或旅行。

Example: We went on a relaxing sail around Port Phillip Bay. 示例：我们在菲利普港湾周围进行了一次轻松的航行。

sail (v), sails, sailing, sailed, was sailed: To operate a boat using its sail or sails and the wind. 利用风帆或风帆和风来操纵船只。

Example: We plan to sail across the Pacific Ocean next summer. 示例：我们计划明年夏天航行横渡太平洋。

Passive voice example: The ship was sailed by an experienced captain for the difficult route through the islands. 被动语态示例：这艘船由一位经验丰富的船长驾驶，穿越岛屿的艰难路线。

sail (v): To move smoothly or effortlessly, as if gliding through the air. 平稳或毫不费力地移动，就像在空中滑行一样。

Example: The hawk spread its wings and sailed through the sky. 例：鹰展开翅膀，在天空中翱翔。

sail through (v): To manage a task successfully, especially if it is difficult. 成功地管理一项任务，尤其是在困难的情况下。

Example: Alice sailed through the difficult interview with confidence. 示例：爱丽丝自信地度过了艰难的面试。

sailing (adj): To do with sailing as a hobby or sport. 将航海作为一种爱好或运动。

Example: The sailing club organized a regatta on the weekend. 示例：帆船俱乐部在周末组织了一场帆船赛。

SAND 沙 / 沙子 / 撒沙

sand (n, uncountable): Small, loose grains of rock that cover beaches, deserts, and other areas. 覆盖海滩、沙漠和其他地区的小而松散的岩石颗粒。

Examples: The children built sandcastles on the beach. 孩子们在海滩上堆沙堡。

Alice does not like the way sand gets between her toes. 艾丽丝不喜欢沙子进入她的脚趾之间。

sand (n): The fine substance used to fill hourglasses (also called "egg-timers") to measure time. 用于填充沙漏（也称为“鸡蛋计时器”）以测量时间的精细物质。

Example: Muriel's grand-daughter is fascinated by watching the sand run through her grandmother's egg-timer. 示例：穆里尔的孙女着迷地看着沙子流过她祖母的煮蛋计时器。

sand (v), sands, sanding, sanded, was sanded: To rub a surface with sandpaper to make it smoother. 用砂纸打磨表面，使其更光滑。

Example: Frank sanded a wooden table he had made, to remove the rough edges. 示例：弗兰克打磨了他制作的一张木桌，以去除粗糙的边缘。

Passive Voice Example: The wooden table was sanded by Frank to remove any rough edges. 被动语态示例：弗兰克用砂纸打磨了木桌，以去除任何粗糙的边缘。

sand (adj): A pale beige color resembling the color of natural sand. 浅米色，类似于天然沙子的颜色。

Example: John's car, a Toyota Landcruiser, is painted sand. 示例：约翰的汽车是一辆丰田陆地巡洋舰，涂有沙子。

SAW 锯

saw (n), saws (pl): A tool with a toothed edge used for cutting through various materials, such as wood or metal. 一种带有齿刃的工具，用于切割各种材料，例如木材或金属。

Example: Frank used a handsaw to cut the piece of wood. 示例：弗兰克用手锯切割了这块木头。

saw (n): A popular saying or piece of wisdom often used to teach advice or moral principles. 流行的谚语或智慧，经常用来教导建议或道德原则。

Example: "A penny saved is a penny earned" is an old saw about money. 示例：“节省一分钱就是赚一分钱”是关于金钱的一句老话。

saw (v), saws, sawing, sawed, was sawed / was sawn: To use a saw to cut some object. 使用锯子来切割某些物体。

Example: Frank sawed the piece of wood to the size he wanted. 示例：弗兰克将一块木头锯成他想要的尺寸。

Passive voice example: A piece of wood was sawn by Frank to the size he wanted. 被动语态示例：一块木头被弗兰克锯成他想要的尺寸。

saw (v): The past tense of the verb "to see." 动词“看”的过去式。

Examples: Sandra saw a beautiful sunset last night. 示例：桑德拉昨晚看到了美丽的日落。

Bert briefly saw someone he thought he knew. 伯特短暂地见到了一个他认为认识的人。

SCARE 荒张 / 吓

scare (n), scares (pl): A sudden feeling of fear or alarm. 突然感到恐惧或惊慌。

Example: Sandra was driving her car, when a loud bang gave her a scare. 示例：桑德拉正在开车，突然一声巨响吓了她一跳。

scare (n): An event or situation that causes fear or panic. 引起恐惧或恐慌的事件或情况。

Example: News that Covid had reached Australia caused a widespread health scare. 示例：新冠病毒传播到澳大利亚的消息引起了广泛的健康恐慌。

scare (v), scares, scaring, scared, was scared: To cause someone or something to experience fear or alarm. 使某人或某事感到恐惧或惊慌。

Example: The sudden appearance of a snake scared the hikers. 示例：一条蛇的突然出现吓坏了徒步旅行者。

Passive voice example: The hikers were scared by the sudden appearance of a snake. 被动语态示例：徒步旅行者被突然出现的蛇吓坏了。

scare (v): To use threats or intimidation to affect or control someone. 使用威胁或恐吓来影响或控制某人。

Example: The social media influencer tried to scare people into sending her money for a useless "Covid Cure". 示例：这位社交媒体影响者试图吓唬人们给她寄钱来购买无用的“新冠治疗”。

SCRATCH 刻痕 / 划痕 / 刮 / 抹掉

scratch (n), scratches (pl): A mark or small injury caused by scraping the surface of your skin. 因刮擦皮肤表面而造成的痕迹或小伤。

Example: Frank got a scratch on his arm while using a saw. 示例：弗兰克在使用锯子时手臂被划伤。

scratch (n): A starting point. 一个起点。

Example: The project had to be restarted from scratch due to an unexpected computer failure. 示例：由于计算机出现意外故障，项目必须从头开始。

scratch (v), scratches, scratching, scratched, was scratched: To scrape a surface with something sharp. 用锋利的东西刮擦表面。

Examples: The boy used a key to scratch his initials onto a tree trunk. 示例：男孩用钥匙在树干上刻下了他名字的首字母。

Thorny bushes scratched the hiker's legs. 带刺的灌木丛划伤了徒步旅行者的腿。

Passive Tense example: The hiker's legs were scratched by thorny bushes. 被动时态示例：徒步旅行者的腿被带刺的灌木丛划伤了。

scratch (v): To cancel or withdraw from a plan, project, or event. 取消或退出计划、项目或活动。

Example: Due to bad weather, the organisers decided to scratch the cycling race. 示例：由于天气恶劣，组织者决定取消自行车比赛。

Passive Voice Example: The favourite horse was scratched from the third race of the Spring Carnival. 被动语态示例：最喜欢的马是从春季嘉年华的第三场比赛中划掉的。

scratch (v): To make a sound by rubbing or scraping a surface. 通过摩擦或刮擦表面发出声音。

Example: The noise of fingernails scratching against a blackboard is extremely annoying. 示例：指甲刮黑板的声音非常烦人。

"from scratch" = From the beginning. 从一开始就。

Example: Betty made a prawn curry from scratch. 示例：贝蒂从头开始制作咖喱虾。

SCREW 拧 / 拧紧 / 螺旋

screw (n), screws (pl): A cylindrical metal or wooden rod with a ridge in the shape of a helix, used for fastening materials together. 具有螺旋形状脊的圆柱形金属或木杆，用于将材料紧固在一起。

Example: Frank used a screwdriver to tighten a screw in the door hinge. 示例：弗兰克用螺丝刀拧紧门铰链上的螺钉。

screw (n): A device with helical blades used to push a vehicle through water or air. 带有螺旋叶片的装置，用于推动车辆穿过水或空气。 Example: The ship's powerful screws allowed it to move swiftly through the water. 示例：船强大的螺旋使其能够在水中快速移动。

"screw jack" = A simple machine using the principle of a screw, used for lifting heavy objects. 一种利用螺杆原理的简单机器，用于提升重物。

Example: Bert used a screw jack to lift his car for a tyre change. 示例：伯特使用螺旋千斤顶举起他的汽车以更换轮胎。

screw (v), screws, screwing, screwed, was screwed: To attach or tighten something using a screw. 使用螺钉连接或拧紧某物。

Example: Frank screwed two shelves to the kitchen wall. 示例：弗兰克将两个架子用螺钉固定在厨房墙上。

Passive voice example: Two shelves were screwed to the kitchen wall by Frank. 被动语态示例：两个架子被弗兰克用螺丝固定在厨房墙上。

screw (v): To twist something. 扭曲某物。

Example: Muriel carefully screwed the lid onto the jar before putting it in the fridge. 示例：穆里尔小心地将盖子拧到罐子上，然后将其放入冰箱。

screw (v): To use a situation for personal gain. 利用某种情况谋取个人利益。

Example: The businessman managed to screw his competitors by designing a better product and selling it cheaply. 示例：这位商人通过设计更好的产品并以低廉的价格销售，成功地击败了竞争对手。

screw (v): To cause trouble or distress to someone. 给某人带来麻烦或痛苦。

Example: Unfair treatment by Centrelink screwed many clients. 示例：Centrelink 的不公平待遇让许多客户陷入困境。

screw (v, rude colloqial English): To have sex with. 与之发生性关系。

Example: Alice took the Accounts Clerk back to her apartment, where they screwed that night, and again next morning. 例子：爱丽丝把会计职员带回了她的公寓，他们那天晚上就在那里搞砸了，第二天早上又搞砸了。

screw (adj): Designed to be twisted like a screw. 设计为像螺丝一样扭转。

Example: The screw cap was tightly closed on the bottle. 示例： 螺旋盖紧紧地盖在瓶子上。

SEARCH 搜索 / 搜寻 / 搜查

search (n), searches (pl): The process of looking thoroughly for something. 彻底寻找某事的过程。

Example: The search for Frank's lost keys took half an hour. 示例：寻找弗兰克丢失的钥匙花了半个小时。

search (n): An investigation. 一项调查。

Example: The police conducted a thorough search of the suspect's house. 示例：警察对嫌疑人的家进行了彻底搜查。

search (v), searches, searching, searched, was searched: To look thoroughly or carefully for something. 彻底或仔细地寻找某事。

Example: Alice searched her handbag for her phone but couldn't find it. 示例：爱丽丝在手提包中寻找手机，但没有找到。

search (v): To investigate or examine something carefully. 仔细调查或检查某事。

Example: The police searched the suspect's house for any potential evidence. 示例：警察搜查了嫌疑人的家以寻找任何潜在的证据。

Passive Voice Example: The suspect's house was searched by the Police. 被动语态示例：嫌疑人的房子被警察搜查了。

search (v): To use a computer or phone online, to find information. 使用电脑或电话上网查找信息。

Example: John searched the internet for information about an electronic chip. 示例：约翰在互联网上搜索有关电子芯片的信息。

SEASON 季节 / 时节 / 调味

season (n), seasons (pl): One of the four divisions of a year: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. 一年的四个时期之一：春、夏、秋、冬。 Example: John's favorite season is Spring, because days start to become longer and warmer. 示例：约翰最喜欢的季节是春天，因为白天开始变得更长、更温暖。

season (n): A specific period characterised by particular conditions or activities. 以特定条件或活动为特征的特定时期。

Example: The footy (AFL) season runs from March to September, with 18 teams. 示例：足球 (AFL) 赛季从 3 月到 9 月，有 18 支球队。

season (v), seasons, seasoning, seasoned, was seasoned: To add flavour to food by using spices or herbs. 使用香料或香草为食物添加风味。

Example: Betty seasons her curries with a special blend of spices. 示例：贝蒂用特殊的香料混合物给她的咖喱调味。

Passive Voice Example: The meat was seasoned with a blend of herbs and left to marinate. 被动语态示例：肉用香草混合物调味并腌制。

"seasoning" = A substance used to add flavor to food, often derived from plants. 用于为食物添加风味的物质，通常源自植物。

Example: Betty uses a special blend of spices as seasoning for her curries. 示例：贝蒂使用特殊的香料混合物作为咖喱的调味料。

season (v): To mature or improve something by time under certain conditions. 在某些条件下随着时间的推移成熟或改进某事物。

Example: The timber merchant stacked the freshly-sawn timber to season it for 6 months. 示例：木材商将新锯的木材堆放起来，干燥 6 个月。

"seasoned" (adj) = Having a lot of experience or skill in a particular area. 在特定领域拥有丰富的经验或技能。

Example: The business hired a seasoned sales representative to boost their sales. 示例：该企业聘请了一位经验丰富的销售代表来提高销售额。

"seasonally" (adv) = Indicating that something happens during a particular season. 表示在特定季节发生的事情。

Example: Most fruit and vegetables are available only seasonally in Australia, but importing makes them available year-round. 示例：大多数水果和蔬菜在澳大利亚只能季节性供应，但进口使得它们可以全年供应。

SENSE 感觉 / 意义 / 感 / 觉

sense (n), senses (pl): A way of understanding something using your senses. 一种使用感官理解事物的方法。

Examples: The sense of touch allows us to feel different textures. 示例：触觉使我们能够感受到不同的纹理。

Fred's sense of hearing is acute; he can hear the faintest sounds. 弗雷德的听觉很敏锐； 他能听到最微弱的声音。

sense (n): An awareness of something. 对某事的认识。

Example: Alice has a sense of unease when walking alone at night. 例：爱丽丝在晚上独自行走时有一种不安感。

sense (n): The meaning of something. 某事的意义。

Example: The music's deeper sense depended on the listener. 示例：音乐的深层含义取决于听众。

"common sense" = The ability to think sensibly. “常识”=明智思考的能力。

Example: There is a humorous but true English saying, "common sense is not very common" meaning that most people do not think about their actions. 示例：有一句幽默但真实的英语谚语“常识并不常见”，意思是大多数人不会考虑自己的行为。

sense (v), senses, sensing, sensed, was sensed: To understand something using your senses. 用你的感官来理解某事。

Examples: Dogs can sense the smell of tiny amounts of drugs in luggage and parcels. 示例：狗可以感觉到行李和包裹中微量毒品的气味。

Alice sensed that someone was following her in the dark street. 爱丽丝感觉到有人在黑暗的街道上跟踪她。

Passive Voice Example: A quantity of cocaine was sensed in the tourist's luggage by a sniffer dog. 被动语态示例：嗅探犬在游客的行李中检测到一定量的可卡因。

SENTENCE 句子 / 判 / 判处

sentence (n), sentences (pl): A group of words that expresses a complete thought. 一组词，表达一个完整的思想。

Example: The teacher asked the students to write a sentence using the word "travel". 例：老师要求学生用“旅行”这个词写一个句子。

sentence (n): A punishment imposed by a court of law upon a person convicted of a crime. 法院对被定罪的人施加的惩罚。

Example: The judge delivered a harsh sentence to the disgraced ex-President. 示例：法官对名誉扫地的前总统作出了严厉的判决。

sentence (v), sentences, sentencing, sentenced, was sentenced: To impose a punishment on someone convicted of a crime. 对被定罪的人施加惩罚。

Example: The judge will sentence the defendant tomorrow after considering all the evidence. 示例：法官在考虑所有证据后将于明天对被告宣判。

Passive Voice Example: The criminal was sentenced to five years in prison for his crimes. 被动语态示例：罪犯因犯罪被判处五年徒刑。

SEPARATE 分离 / 分开 / 另外

separate (v), separates, separating, separated, was separated: To divide into different parts. 分成不同的部分。

Example: Muriel used a knife to separate the cake into slices. 示例：穆里尔用刀将蛋糕切成片。

separate (v): To disconnect things from each other. 断开事物之间的联系。

Example: John carefully separated the wires connecting to the circuit board. 示例：约翰小心地将连接到电路板的电线分开。

Passive Voice Example: The wires connecting to the circuit board were carefully separated. 被动语态示例：连接到电路板的电线被小心地分开。

separate (v): To move objects or people apart. 将物体或人移开。

Example: A friend of Ernie recently separated from his wife. 示例：厄尼的一位朋友最近与妻子分居。

separate (v): To distinguish different things. 来区分不同的事物。

Example: With some news stories, it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction, especially on Social Media. 示例：对于某些新闻报道，可能很难区分事实与虚构，尤其是在社交媒体上。

separate (adj) (note pronunciation, separate - separate): Describing things that are distinct or not connected to each other. 描述不同的或彼此不相关的事物。

Example: Ernie's friend and his wife had slept in separate bedrooms for years. 示例：厄尼的朋友和他的妻子多年来一直睡在不同的卧室。

SEQUENCE 顺序 / 序列 / 排序

sequence (n), sequences (pl): The order in which events, actions, or items follow one another. 事件、操作或项目相继发生的顺序。

Example: A sequence of unexpected events led to the aircraft running out of fuel. 示例：一系列意外事件导致飞机耗尽燃料。

sequence (n): A series of related items or actions that follow each other. 一系列相互关联的相关项目或动作。

Example: Your DNA sequence determines your genetic makeup as an individual human. 示例：您的 DNA 序列决定了您作为人类个体的基因构成。

sequence (v), sequences, sequencing, sequenced, was sequenced: To arrange items or events in a particular order. 按特定顺序排列项目或事件。

Example: The numbers were sequenced from smallest to largest. 示例：数字按从小到大的顺序排列。

sequence (v): To determine the DNA of some living thing. 确定某些生物的 DNA。

Example: It used to be a very expensive process, but these days your DNA can be sequenced for a few hundred dollars. 示例：这曾经是一个非常昂贵的过程，但现在只需几百美元即可对 DNA 进行测序。

SET 组 / 放 / 集 / 集合

set (n), sets (pl): A collection of related things that are grouped together. 组合在一起的相关事物的集合。

Example: The tea set included cups, saucers, a teapot, and a sugar bowl. 示例：茶具包括杯子、碟子、茶壶和糖罐。

set (n): A group of people who work or perform together. 一群一起工作或表演的人。

Example: The actors in the play formed a talented and dedicated set. 例：剧中的演员们组成了一个才华横溢、敬业的演员阵容。

"a set time" = A specific fixed period of time. “设定时间”=特定的固定时间段。

Example: Betty told her team they needed to finish the project within a set time. 示例：贝蒂告诉她的团队他们需要在规定时间内完成该项目。

set (v), sets, setting, set, was set: To put something in a specific position. 将某物放在特定的位置。

Example: Alice set the book on the shelf. 示例：爱丽丝将书放在书架上。

Passive Voice Example: The book was set on the shelf by Alice. 被动语态示例：这本书是由爱丽丝放在书架上的。

set (v): To create something. 创造一些东西。

Example: The sports committee set the rules for the competition. 例：体育委员会制定比赛规则。

set (v): To prepare something for use. 准备一些东西以供使用。

Example: Fred set the table for dinner. 示例：弗雷德摆好晚餐的桌子。

set (v): To adjust something to a desired condition. 将某物调整到所需的状态。

Example: Muriel set the air conditioning to a comfortable temperature. 示例：Muriel 将空调设置为舒适的温度。

Passive Voice Example: The air conditioning was set by Muriel. 被动语态示例：空调是穆里尔设置的。

set (n): To cause something such as a plan to start. 使某事（例如计划）开始。

Example: Sandra set her plan into action. 示例：桑德拉将她的计划付诸实施。

set (v): To become firm or solid. 变得坚固或坚固。

Example: Muriel put a jelly in the refrigerator to set. 示例：穆里尔将果冻放入冰箱中凝固。

set (adj), more set, most set: Describing something that is fixed or established. 描述固定或确定的事物。

Examples: A set timetable helped everyone stay organised. 示例：设定的时间表可以帮助每个人保持井井有条。

Bert is becoming very set in his ways (= his behaviour is becoming less flexible). 伯特变得非常固执（=他的行为变得越来越不灵活）。

SHAKE 颤 / 摇 / 摇动

shake (n), shakes (pl): A rapid back-and-forth, or up-and-down, movement. 快速的来回或上下运动。

Examples: The earthquake caused the ground to shake. 示例：地震导致地面摇晃。

Bert gave Ernie's hand a long shake. 伯特长时间地握着厄尼的手。

"handshake" (n) = A form of greeting where two people clasp and shake each other's hands. 两人握手并握手的一种问候形式。

Example: They sealed the deal with a firm handshake. 示例：他们通过有力的握手达成了协议。

"milkshake" (n) = A cooling liquid treat made by shaking icecream and cold milk together. 将冰淇淋和冷牛奶一起摇匀制成的清凉液体。

Example: Fred and his girlfriend enjoyed milkshakes on a hot day. 示例：弗雷德和他的女朋友在大热天享用奶昔。

shake (v), shakes, shaking, shook, was shaken: To move rapidly back-and-forth, or up-and-down. 快速地前后移动或上下移动。

Examples: Bert shook Ernie's hand enthusiastically. 例如：伯特热情地握着厄尼的手。

Frank shook a bottle of lawnmower fuel to mix it thoroughly. 弗兰克摇动一瓶割草机燃料，将其充分混合。

Fred tried to shake some dirt off his shoes. 弗雷德试图抖掉鞋子上的污垢。

Passive Voice Example: Ernie's hand was shaken enthusiastically by Bert. 被动语态示例：伯特热情地握着厄尼的手。

shake (v): To tremble, from cold, fear or other feelings. 由于寒冷、恐惧或其他感觉而颤抖。

Examples: The cold weather made Alice shake with shivers. 例子：寒冷的天气让爱丽丝瑟瑟发抖。

The soldiers shook with fear as the enemy forces approached. 当敌军逼近时，士兵们吓得浑身发抖。

shake (v): To weaken something. 削弱某物。

Examples: The scandal threatened to shake the company's reputation. 例子：丑闻威胁到公司的声誉。

David's confidence was shaken when he came last in the 400m race. 当大卫在 400 米比赛中排名最后时，他的信心受到了动摇。

SHAPE 形 / 形状 / 样子

shape (n), shapes (pl): The form of an object. 物体的形式。

Example: The clouds in the sky took on various shapes, resembling animals and objects. 示例：天空中的云呈现出各种形状，类似于动物和物体。

shape (n): The physical condition or state of something. 某物的物理状况或状态。

Example: Regular exercise has helped Alice get into better shape. 示例：定期锻炼帮助爱丽丝保持了更好的体形。

shape (n): A particular characteristic or quality that defines something. 定义某事物的特定特征或品质。

Example: The unusual dining table has a hexagonal shape. 示例：不寻常的餐桌呈六角形。

shape (v), shapes, shaping, shaped, was shaped: To form something into a particular shape. 将某物形成特定的形状。

Example: The potter shaped the ball of clay into a beautiful vase. 示例：陶工将粘土球塑造成一个美丽的花瓶。

Passive Voice Example: A ball of clay was shaped into a beautiful vase. 被动语态示例：将一个粘土球塑造成一个美丽的花瓶。

shape (v): To influence the development of something. 影响某事物的发展。

Example: Early experiences can shape a person's personality and behaviour. 例如：早期经历可以塑造一个人的性格和行为。

"to shape up" = To improve or develop your skills or attitudes. “塑造”= 提高或发展你的技能或态度。

Example: "The new programmer is shaping up well." the Boss said. 示例：“新程序员表现良好。” 老板说。

SHARE 股 / 分享 / 共享

share (n), shares (pl): A part of something that is divided among a group of people or animals. 分配给一群人或动物的事物的一部分。

Example: The woman offered me a share of her dessert. 例如：那位女士给了我一份她的甜点。

share (n): A part of ownership in a company or property. 公司或财产所有权的一部分。People who buy shares in a company are called "shareholders". 购买公司股票的人称为“股东”。

Example: Frank owns shares in a selection of companies. 示例：弗兰克拥有多家公司的股份。

share (v), shares, sharing, shared, was shared: To give a part of something to someone else. 将某物的一部分给予他人。

Example: Can you share your notes with me for the upcoming exam? 例如：您能与我分享您即将到来的考试的笔记吗？

Passive Voice Example: The cake was shared among the children at the party. 被动语态示例：蛋糕在聚会上由孩子们分享。

share (v): To take part in an activity, event, or experience with others. 分享 (v)：与他人一起参加一项活动、事件或经历。

Example: Betty shared a speedboat ride with 5 other people. 示例：贝蒂与另外 5 个人一起乘坐快艇。

share (v): To divide something among a group. 将某物分给一组。

Example: Betty's team shares tasks equally to get projects done faster. 示例：贝蒂的团队平等地分担任务，以更快地完成项目。

SHELTER 掩蔽 / 庇护所 / 保护

shelter (n), shelters (pl): A place that provides protection from weather, danger, or harm. 提供免受天气、危险或伤害的保护的地方。

Examples: Homeless people sought shelter in an abandoned building during the storm. 示例：暴风雨期间，无家可归的人在废弃的建筑物中寻求庇护。

Free shelters are available for women and their children fleeing violent husbands. 为逃离暴力丈夫的妇女及其子女提供免费庇护所。

shelter (n): The act of providing protection or covering from danger or harm. 提供保护或掩护免受危险或伤害的行为。

Example: Trees provide shelter from the hot Australian sun. 示例：树木为澳大利亚炎热的阳光提供庇护。

shelter (v), shelters, sheltering, sheltered, was sheltered: To provide protection or cover from danger, weather, or harm. 提供保护或掩护免受危险、天气或伤害。

Example: The barn sheltered the animals from the heavy rain. 示例：谷仓为动物遮风挡雨。

Passive Voice Example: A dozen koalas rescued from the bushfire were sheltered in an animal sanctuary. 被动语态示例：从丛林大火中救出的十几只考拉被安置在动物保护区内。

SHOCK 休克 / 震惊 / 惊恐

shock (n), shocks (pl): A sudden feeling of surprise or amazement. 突然感到惊讶或惊奇。

Examples: The unexpected news left Sandra in shock. 例子： 意想不到的消息让桑德拉感到震惊。

The movie's ending had a powerful shock that left everyone silent. 电影的结局给所有人带来了强烈的震撼，让所有人都沉默了。

shock (n): A sudden and brief release of electricity. 突然而短暂地释放电力。

Example: John received a mild shock when he touched an exposed wire.

示例：约翰在触摸裸露的电线时受到了轻微的电击。

shock (n): A medical condition caused by a sudden large drop in blood pressure. 由血压突然大幅下降引起的疾病。

Example: The patient went into shock after the accident. 示例：事故发生后，患者陷入休克状态。

shock (v), shocks, shocking, shocked, was shocked: To surprise or amaze someone suddenly. 突然使某人感到惊讶或惊讶。

Example: The magician's trick shocked the audience. 示例：魔术师的魔术使观众震惊。

shock (v): To give an electric shock to someone or something. 使某人或某物受到电击。

Example: Frank accidentally shocked himself while trying to fix some wiring. 示例：弗兰克在尝试修理线路时不小心触电了。

Passive Tense Example: Frank was shocked while trying to fix some wiring. 被动时态示例：弗兰克在尝试修理电线时感到震惊。

SHOP 店 / 商店 / 店铺

shop (n), shops (pl): A place where goods are sold to customers. Also called a "store". 向顾客出售商品的地方。 也称为“商店”。

Example: Sandra went to a clothing shop to buy some new jeans. 示例：桑德拉去一家服装店买了一些新牛仔裤。

shop (n): A place where specific activities are done, such as a repair shop or a carpentry shop. 进行特定活动的地方，例如修理店或木工店。

Example: Fred took his car to a repair shop. 示例：弗雷德把他的车开到修理店。

shop (v), shops, shopping, shopped, was shopped: To visit stores or markets to buy goods. 参观商店或市场购买商品。

Example: Alice shopped for groceries on her way home. 示例：爱丽丝在回家的路上买了杂货。

shop (v): To search for a specific item to buy. 搜索要购买的特定商品。

Example: Sandra's shopping for a new laptop. 示例：桑德拉正在购买一台新笔记本电脑。

shop (v, slang): To inform on someone to the Police. 向警方举报某人。

Example: The robber's mother shopped her to the Police. 示例：强盗的母亲将她交给了警察。

Passive Voice Eample: The robber was shopped by her mother to the Police. 被动语态示例：强盗被她的母亲交给了警察。

SHOW 节目 / 表演 / 展示 / 显示

show (n), shows (pl): A public performance or display, often involving entertainment. 公开表演或展示，通常涉及娱乐活动。

Example: We attended a magic show at a theater. 示例：我们在剧院观看了魔术表演。

show (n): An event where items are displayed for people to see. 展示物品供人们观看的活动。

Example: The art show featured paintings and sculptures from local artists. 示例：艺术展展出了当地艺术家的绘画和雕塑。

show (n): An indication of something. 某事的指示。

Example: In pregnancy, a "show" of mucus and blood means that labour is about to start. 例如：在怀孕期间，“出现”粘液和血液意味着分娩即将开始。

show (v), shows, showing, showed, was shown: To display something for others to see. 展示一些东西给别人看。

Example: Bert showed his new car to Ernie. 示例：伯特向厄尼展示了他的新车。

show (v): To explain something by doing it. 通过做某事来解释它。

Example: Can you show me how to use this new software? 示例：您能告诉我如何使用这个新软件吗？

show (v): To prove something. 为了证明某事。

Example: The experiment showed that the scientist's theory was correct. 示例：实验表明科学家的理论是正确的。

show (v): To express an emotion. 来表达一种情感。

Example: The doctor's patient showed his gratitude by sending a thank-you note. 示例：医生的病人寄了一封感谢信来表达他的感激之情。

show (v): To become noticeable. 变得引人注目。

Example: The first signs of spring are starting to show. 例如：春天的最初迹象开始显现。

show (v): To guide someone to a place. 引导某人到某个地方。

Example: A woman showed us the way to the nearest bus stop. 示例：一位女士给我们指路去最近的公交车站。

Passive Voice Examples: Some paintings were shown to the public for the first time. 被动语态示例：一些画作是首次向公众展示。

The tourists were shown the way to the nearest train station. 游客被引导到最近的火车站。

SIGN 符号 / 标志 / 签署

sign (n), signs (pl): An object that gives information. 提供信息的对象。

Example: The sign on the door said "Closed for Maintenance." 示例：门上的牌子写着“因维护而关闭”。

sign (n): A gesture or action that communicates a message or meaning. 传达信息或含义的手势或动作。

Example: The team leader gave a thumbs-up sign to show her approval. 示例：队长竖起大拇指表示认可。

sign (n): A symbol associated with a zodiac horoscope. 与十二星座相关的符号。

Example: Alice's sign is Leo - she was born in late July. 示例：爱丽丝的星座是狮子座 - 她出生于七月下旬。

"sign of progress" (n) = information that something is improving. 某些事情正在改善的信息。

Example: Electricity is becoming cheaper, a sign of progress with Australia's move to renewable energy. 示例：电力变得越来越便宜，这是澳大利亚转向可再生能源取得进展的标志。

sign (v), signs, signing, signed, was signed: To mark something with a sign or symbol. 用记号或符号标记某物。

Example: Fred signed the package with a blue pen. 示例：弗雷德用蓝色笔在包裹上签名。

sign (v): To formally agree with something in writing. 以书面形式正式同意某事。

Examples: The CEO signed a contract to start his new job. 示例：首席执行官签署了一份合同以开始他的新工作。

The two countries signed a Peace Agreement so that their war could stop. 两国签署了和平协议，以停止战争。

Passive Voice Example: A Peace Agreement was signed by the leaders of the two countries. 被动语态示例：两国领导人签署了和平协议。

SIGNAL 信号 / 示意 / 摽

signal (n), signals (pl): A visual or audible cue that gives information. 提供信息的视觉或听觉提示。

Example: The traffic light turned red, a signal for the cars to stop. 示例：交通灯变红，示意汽车停车。

signal (n): A form of communication, often using electronic or visual means. 一种沟通形式，通常使用电子或视觉手段。

Example: At our house we get a strong mobile phone signal. 示例：在我们家，手机信号很强。

signal (v), signals, signalling, signalled, was signalled: To communicate a message or command. 传达消息或命令。 Example: The Police signalled us to stop. 示例：警察示意我们停下来。

Passive Voice example: The approaching storm was signalled by rolls of loud thunder. 被动语态示例：雷声大作，预示着暴风雨即将来临。

SILENCE 安静 / 寂静 / 堵嘴

silence (n), silences (pl): The absence of noise. 没有噪音。

Example: The silence of our country walk was broken by the whine of a jet airplane. 例子：我们乡村散步的寂静被一架喷气式飞机的轰鸣声打破了。

silence (n): The absence of communication. 缺乏沟通。

Examples: Fred's silence on the matter made his Boss suspicious. 示例：弗雷德对此事保持沉默，使他的老板产生了怀疑。

The phone line went dead; there was only silence. 电话线断了； 四周一片寂静。

silence (v), silences, silencing, silenced; was silenced: To make something quiet or still. 使某事安静或静止。

Example: Betty silenced her phone before entering the meeting. 示例：贝蒂在进入会议之前将手机静音。

silence (v): To keep something from being spoken about. 为了不让某些事情被谈论。

Example: The government attempted to silence its critics. 示例：政府试图压制批评者。

Passive Voice example: The protestors were determined to not be silenced by the Army, and fighting broke out. 被动语态示例：抗议者决心不让军队噤声，于是战斗爆发了。

SIP 啜 / 抿

sip (n), sips (pl): A small amount of liquid, drunk gently. 少量液体，轻轻饮用。

Examples: Alice took a sip of her tea to test its temperature. 例子：爱丽丝喝了一口茶来试试温度。

Betty does not drink alcohol, not even a sip. 贝蒂不喝酒，一口也不喝。

sip (v), sips, sipping, sipped, was sipped: To drink slowly or in small amounts at a time. 慢慢地喝或者一次喝少量。

Examples: Frank liked to sip his coffee while reading the newspaper. 例子：弗兰克喜欢一边喝咖啡一边看报纸。

Cars with hybrid engines just sip petrol (US: gasoline). 配备混合动力发动机的汽车只需消耗汽油（美国：汽油）。

sip (v): To experience something in a small amount. 体验少量的某事。

Example: Having sipped the thrill of skydiving, the young woman wanted more. 例子：这位年轻女子体验过跳伞的刺激后，还想体验更多。

Passive Voice example: A bottle of brandy was passed around and sipped by everyone around the campfire. 被动语态示例：篝火旁的每个人都传递着一瓶白兰地，并小口喝着。

SKATE 冰鞋 / 滑冰

skate (n), skates (pl): A type of shoe with blades attached to the sole, used for moving on ice. 一种鞋底带有刀片的鞋，用于在冰上行走。

Example: Sandra laced up her skates and glided gracefully onto the frozen lake. 例子：桑德拉系好溜冰鞋，优雅地滑到冰冻的湖面上。

skate (n): A type of flat fish with a diamond-shaped body. 一种扁平鱼，身体呈菱形。

Examples: Grilled skate is delicious, if you can find somewhere that sells it! 示例：如果你能找到卖烤鳐鱼的地方，那烤鳐鱼真是美味啊！

Skates produce only a few young every year, so they are easily overfished. 鳐鱼每年仅产下少量幼鱼，因此很容易遭到过度捕捞。

skate (v), skates, skating, skated, was skated on: To move on ice using ice skates. 使用冰鞋在冰上移动。

Example: Sandra loves to skate on the frozen lake in winter. 例如：桑德拉喜欢在冬天在冰冻的湖面上滑冰。

Passive Voice example: The frozen lake was often skated on by children during winter. 被动语态示例：冬天，孩子们经常在冰冻的湖面上滑冰。

skate (v): To move smoothly with no control. 不受控制地平稳移动。

Example: The car skated on the wet road and crashed into a tree. 例如：汽车在湿滑的路面上滑行并撞到了一棵树。

"to skate around" = to try to avoid dealing with a problem. 试图避免处理问题。

Example: At the Council meeting, most people skated around the problem of their bad roads, because no-one could find money to fix them! 例如：在理事会会议上，大多数人都回避了道路状况不佳的问题，因为没人能找到钱来修复它们！

SKETCH 草图 / 素描 / 勾画

sketch (n), sketches (pl): A basic drawing that shows the main features of an object or scene. 显示对象或场景的主要特征的基本绘图。

Example: The man made a quick sketch of the landscape during his hike. 例子：这名男子在徒步旅行时快速地描绘了一幅风景画。

sketch (n): A brief written work that gives a general idea without going into great detail. 简短的书面作品，提供总体思路，无需赘述。

Example: The teacher wrote a humorous sketch for the school play. 例如：老师为学校的戏剧表演写了一个幽默小品。

sketch (n): A brief musical work without much detail. 一部简短的音乐作品，没有太多细节。

Example: Beethoven's notebooks are full of sketches, but not all became full works. 例如：贝多芬的笔记本里满是草图，但并非所有草图都成为完整的作品。

sketch (v), sketches, sketching, sketched, was sketched: To create a simple drawing that outlines the main features of something. 创建一个简单的图画来概括某事物的主要特征。

Example: Sandra sketched a flower in her notebook during a boring meeting. 例如：桑德拉在一次无聊的会议期间在她的笔记本上画了一朵花。

sketch (v): To describe a plan or idea, without giving much detail. 描述计划或想法，但不提供太多细节。

Example: Betty sketched a plan for restructuring the Programming Department. 例如：贝蒂草拟了一份重组编程部门的计划。

Passive Voice example: A plan for restructuring the Programming Department was sketched by Betty. 被动语态示例：贝蒂起草了一份重组编程部门的计划。

SLICE 薄片 / 片 / 切

slice (n), slices (pl): A thin, flat piece of something, often cut from a larger piece. 某物的薄而扁平的部分，通常是从较大的一块物体上切下来的。

Examples: Fred had a large slice of pizza for lunch. 例子：弗雷德午餐吃了一大块披萨。

His girlfriend ate only a small slice. 他的女朋友只吃了一小片。

slice (n): A type of golf shot that curves instead of going straight. 一种以曲线而非直线进行的高尔夫击球。

Example: The golf player's second shot was a bad slice, and missed the green. 例如：这位高尔夫球手的第二杆切球很糟糕，没有打上果岭。

slice (v), slices, slicing, sliced, was sliced: To cut something into thin, flat pieces. 将某物切成薄而扁平的碎片。

Examples: Muriel sliced tomatoes for a salad. 示例：穆里尔将西红柿切成片，准备做沙拉。

Frank sliced a thick piece from a loaf of bread. 弗兰克从一条面包上切下厚厚的一片。

slice (v): To hit a golf ball so that it curves, instead of going straight. 击打高尔夫球，使它弯曲而不是直线飞行。

Example: The golf player sliced his second shot badly, and missed the green. 例子：这位高尔夫球手第二杆切球失误，没有打上果岭。

slice (v): To divide something into parts. 将某物分成几部分。

Example: Let's slice up the project into smaller tasks, one for each team member. 示例：我们将项目划分为多个较小的任务，每个团队成员负责一个任务。

Passive Voice example: The bananas were sliced and served with ice cream. 被动语态示例：香蕉被切成片并与冰淇淋一起上桌。

SLIDE 滑动 / 滑 / 滑行

slide (n), slides (pl): A structure with a sloping surface that allows objects to move from a higher to a lower level. 一种具有倾斜表面的结构，可使物体从较高处移动到较低处。Found in playgrounds and warehouses or factories. 在操场、仓库或工厂中发现。

Example: Children enjoyed playing on the slide at the park. 例如：孩子们喜欢在公园里玩滑梯。

slide (n): In music, a smooth, continuous movement from one pitch to another. 在音乐中，从一个音调到另一个音调的平滑、连续的运动。

Example: The singer did a beautiful slide between notes. 例如：这位歌手在音符间进行了一次优美的滑奏。

slide (n): An object in a presentation, from which information can be projected on a screen. 演示文稿中的一个对象，可以通过它将信息投射到屏幕上。

Example: These days, slides have mostly been replaced with electronic projectors or large computer screens. 例如：如今，幻灯片大多已被电子投影仪或大型计算机屏幕所取代。

slide (n): A smooth downward movement. 平稳向下的运动。

Example: The sled went down the snowy hill in a fast slide. 例如：雪橇快速地从雪山上滑下来。

slide (v), slides, sliding, slid, was slid: To move smoothly and with not much effort in a particular direction. 朝特定方向平稳且不费力地移动。

Examples: The kids loved to slide down the hill on their sleds. 例子：孩子们喜欢乘着雪橇从山上滑下来。

Workers unloaded trucks by sliding their contents down ramps. 工人们通过将卡车上的货物滑下斜坡来卸货。

slide (v): To gradually decrease in quantity, or quality. 数量或质量逐渐下降。

Example: The company's profits began to slide in the economic downturn. 例子：经济不景气的时候，这家公司的利润开始下滑。

slide (v): To put something smoothly into a particular place. 将某物顺利地放入特定位置。

Example: With some wriggling and swearing, Frank managed to slide the roof tile into the correct place. 例子：经过一番扭动和咒骂，弗兰克终于把屋顶瓦片滑到了正确的位置。

Passive Voice Example: The roof tile was slid into the correct place by Frank, with some wriggling and swearing. 被动语态示例：弗兰克一边扭动身体一边咒骂，把屋顶瓦片滑到了正确的位置。

SLIP 滑 / 滑动 / 溜 / 失足

slip (n), slips (pl): A sudden loss of balance or footing. 突然失去平衡或失去立足点。

Example: Frank had a slip when he was working on the roof of his shed, and nearly fell. 例如：弗兰克在自家棚屋的屋顶上工作时不慎滑倒，差点摔下去。

slip (n): A piece of smooth clothing, worn under other clothing. 穿在其他衣服下面的一件光滑的衣服。

Example: Alice wore a silk slip under her dress. 例如：爱丽丝在裙子里面穿了一件丝绸衬裙。

slip (n): A small error or mistake. 一个小错误或失误。

Example: There was a slip in the spelling of Betty's name on the invitation. 例子：邀请函上贝蒂的名字拼写错误。

slip (v), slips, slipping, slipped, was slipped on: To lose your balance and almost fall. 失去平衡，差点摔倒。

Example: Frank slipped on the wet roof and nearly fell. 例如：弗兰克在湿滑的屋顶上滑倒了，差点摔倒。

Passive Voice Example: The wet roof was slipped on by Frank, who nearly fell. 被动语态示例：弗兰克在湿屋顶上滑倒了，差点摔倒。

slip (v): To slide or move smoothly and easily. 平稳轻松地滑动或移动。

Example: The boat slipped through the calm waters. 例子：船在平静的水面上平稳行驶。

"to slip up" (v) = To make a small error or mistake. 犯小错误或失误。

Example: Fred slipped up when totalling a stack of Purchase Requests. 示例：弗雷德 (Fred) 在汇总一堆采购申请时犯了一个错误。

"to slip on" (v) = To put on clothing etc quickly. 快速穿上衣服等。

Example: Sandra slipped on her shoes and ran out the door. 例如：桑德拉滑倒了，穿上鞋子跑出了门。

SMELL 味 / 气味 / 闻 / 发臭

smell (n), smells (pl): An odour [US: odor] or aroma. 气味 [美国：气味] 或香气。

Example: In hot weather, a strong smell comes from our Council's rubbish tip (= waste disposal facility). 例如：在炎热的天气里，我们市政厅的垃圾场（=废物处理设施）会飘出一股强烈的气味。

smell (n): The sense of determining odours or aromas. 辨别气味或香气的感觉。

Example: Muriel's keen sense of smell helped her identify a new plant in her garden. 例如：穆里尔敏锐的嗅觉帮助她识别出花园里的一种新植物。

smell (v), smells, smelling, smelled, was smelled: To determine odours or scents using your sense of smell. 利用嗅觉来判断气味或香味。

Example: Sandra could smell the delicious aroma of freshly baked bread. 例如：桑德拉能闻到新鲜出炉的面包的香味。

smell (v): To produce a particular odour or scent. 产生特殊的气味或香气。

Examples: The flowers in Muriel's garden smell wonderful. 例子：穆里尔花园里的花儿香气扑鼻。

In hot weather, our Council's rubbish tip smells awful. 在炎热的天气里，我们委员会的垃圾场会发出难闻的气味。

Passive Voice Example: In hot weather, the stink coming from the rubbish tip can be smelled a kilometre away. 被动语态示例：在炎热的天气里，垃圾堆里传来的臭味甚至一公里外都能闻到。

smell (v): To have a suspicion about something. 对某事抱有怀疑。

Example: Betty's boss smells trouble in the future if his staff don't get a wage rise. 例子：贝蒂的老板预感到，如果员工的工资不加薪，将来就会有麻烦。

SMOKE 烟雾 / 抽烟 / 吸烟

smoke (n, uncountable): The cloud of particles and gases that is produced when a material burns. 物质燃烧时产生的颗粒和气体云。

Example: The smoke from the house's chimney showed that the fire was lit. 例如：房子烟囱里冒出的烟表明火被点燃了。

smoke (n), smokes (pl): A slang word for a cigarette. 香烟的俚语。

Example: Bert said to Ernie, "I'm out of smokes, have you got any?" 例如：伯特对厄尼说：“我的烟抽完了，你有吗？”

smoke (v), smokes, smoking, smoked, was smoked: To inhale and exhale the smoke from a burning substance, especially tobacco. 吸入和呼出燃烧物质（尤其是烟草）产生的烟雾。

Example: Bert likes to smoke a cigarette or two, sitting on his porch in the evenings. 例如：伯特喜欢晚上在门廊上抽一两支烟。

smoke (v): To put food in smoke to enhance flavor or preserve it. 将食物放入烟熏炉以增强风味或保存食物。

Example: Ernie recently caught some trout, and smoked it to give it a delicious flavour. 例如：厄尼最近捕获了一些鳟鱼，并将其熏制以使其味道鲜美。

Passive Voice Example: The trout was smoked to perfection in Ernie's outdoor smoker. 被动语态示例：鳟鱼在厄尼的户外烟熏炉中被熏制得恰到好处。