第 166 课：进出

Lesson 166: In and Out

These words are used to describe where you are (= your location) or where you are going (= your direction). 这些词用于描述您在哪儿（=您的位置）或您要去哪儿（=您的方向）。

They have many other meanings as well. 它们还有许多其他含义。

IN 在

in (adv): Inside or within something. 在某物里面或之内。

Examples: The dog is in its kennel. 例如：狗在狗窝里。

Sandra is in the Library, borrowing a book. 桑德拉在图书馆借一本书。

It's 9 a.m. and Fred is still in bed. 现在是早上 9 点，弗雷德还在睡觉。

How much is that coat in the window ? 橱窗里的那件外套多少钱？

I've got a pain in my back. 我的背疼。

What's that in your hand? 你手里拿的是什么？

I've got something stuck in my foot! 我的脚被东西卡住了！

The family look forward to living in Melbourne. 全家人期待着在墨尔本生活。

The girl loves to look at herself in the mirror. 这个女孩喜欢照镜子。

Fred's girlfriend never knows what's going on in Fred's head (= what he is thinking). 弗雷德的女朋友从来不知道弗雷德在想什么。

A friend of Sandra is in hospital having her second baby. 桑德拉的一位朋友正在医院生第二胎。

in (adv): Taking part in something. 参加某事。

Examples: John is actively involved in the discussion about climate change. 示例：约翰积极参与有关气候变化的讨论。

Betty got stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour. 贝蒂在交通堵塞中被困了半个小时。

in (adv): Forming a part of something. 形成某事物的一部分。

Examples: A friend of Frank's used to be the lead singer in a rock band. 例子：弗兰克的一位朋友曾经是一支摇滚乐队的主唱。

There are too many spelling mistakes in this essay. 这篇文章的拼写错误太多了。

I've been waiting in this queue for ages. 我已经在这个队列里等了很久了。

Fred is in a relationship with his girlfriend. 弗雷德和他的女朋友正在恋爱中。

Talent like Alice's is rare in someone so young. 如此年轻的人拥有爱丽丝这样的天赋实属罕见。

OUT 出去

out (adv): Outside or away from something. 在某物之外或远离某物。

Examples: Muriel is out of the house (= away from the house.) 例如：穆里尔不在家 (= 远离了房子。)

Don't go out with wet hair; you might catch a chill. 不要湿着头发出门，你可能会着凉。

Fred was thrown out of a restaurant for bad behaviour. 弗雷德因行为不当被赶出了餐馆。

You can come out now, the coast is clear (= it's safe for you). 你现在可以出来了，一切平安。（= 对你来说很安全）。

Frank put a heavy piece of wood out on his workbench. 弗兰克把一块沉重的木头放在工作台上。

I'm just going out for a bit. See you later. 我出去一下。待会儿见。

She opened the window and stuck her head out. 她打开窗户，探出头去。

The bag broke and the apples fell out. 袋子破了，苹果掉了出来。

I jumped out of bed and ran downstairs. 我从床上跳起来，跑到楼下。

Bert leaned out the window. 伯特把身子探出窗外。

Fred opened the drawer and took out a pair of socks. 弗雷德打开抽屉，拿出一双袜子。

Get out! (= go outside!) 出去！（= 出去！）

Out you go! (= Go out!) 出去吧！（= 出去！）

My secretary will see you out (= go with you to the door). 我的秘书将送您出去（= 陪您到门口）。

Turn the trousers inside out (= put the inside on the outside). 把裤子翻过来（=将里面的衣服放在外面）。

It's bitterly cold out, today. 今天外面非常冷。

out (adv): Away from a location, or a state of being outside. 远离某个地点或外界状态。

Example: After the rain stopped, the kids went out to play (= they moved from indoors to outdoors to play after the rain.) 例如：雨停后，孩子们就出去玩了（=他们从室内移到室外雨后玩耍。）

out (adv): Absent for a short time from the place where you live or work. 短暂离开居住或工作的地方。

Examples: I came around to see you this morning, but you were out. 例如：今天早上我来见你，但你不在家。

Someone called while you were out. 你外出时有人打来电话。

I can't go out tonight, I have work to do. 我今晚不能出去，我还有工作要做。

Do you want to eat out (= eat in a restaurant) tonight? 你今晚想出去吃饭（=去餐馆吃饭）吗？

He asked me out (= asked me to go with him) to the concert next week. 他邀请我下周和他一起去听音乐会。

The thieves were spotted by a postman out on his rounds (= as he was delivering the post). 一名正在巡邮的邮递员发现了这些小偷。

The police were out in force (= there were a lot of police) at the demonstration. 示威活动中警察大举出动（= 有很多警察）。

out (adv): Being excluded from a place or a situation. 被排除在某个地方或某种情况之外。

Examples: At the soccer match, our best player had to be left out because of an injury. 例子：在这场足球比赛中，我们最好的球员因伤缺席。

At the cricket, the two Australian opening batsmen were both out after just ten minutes. 在这场板球比赛中，澳大利亚队的两名开场击球手开场仅十分钟就双双出局。

The New Zealand cricketers were all out for 293 (= the team finished with a score of 293). 新西兰板球队员全部出局，得分为 293 分（全队最终得分为 293 分）。

out (adv): In a library, if a book is out, it has been borrowed by someone. 在图书馆里，如果一本书已借出，则表示该书已被某人借走。

Example: Both copies of David Poyer's latest novel were out. 例如：David Poyer 的最新小说两本均已出版。

out (adv): To the point where something disappears. 直至某物消失。

Examples: "Damn!" said Muriel. "This stain won't come out!" 例如：“该死！”穆里尔说。“这个污渍洗不掉！”

Fred booked out the stock that had been issued that morning. 弗雷德已将当天早上发行的股票全部买完。

All the workers practised putting out a fire using an extinguisher. 全体工人练习使用灭火器灭火。

Betty's patience ran out. 贝蒂的耐心已经耗尽。

Our time at the Zoo ran out. 我们在动物园的时间用完了。

out (adv): In politics, no longer able to govern because you have lost an election. 在政治上，由于输掉了选举，你不再具有执政能力。

Example: In 2022 the Conservatives were voted out after 12 years in power. 例如：2022 年，执政 12 年后保守党被选下台。

"out of" = No more of something is available. 沒有更多可用的东西。

Examples: We're nearly out of petrol. 例如：我们的汽油快用完了。

The business is almost out of money. 这家企业几乎已经没钱了。

Frank is out of white paint. 弗兰克的白漆用完了。

out (adv): Spreading from a central point over a wider area. 从中心点扩散到更广泛的区域。

Example: The people searching for the missing child spread out across the fields. 例如：寻找失踪孩子的人们分散到了田野各处。

out (adv): To be available to the public for watching, listening to or reading. 可供公众观看、收听或阅读。

Examples: Is David Poyer's new book out yet? 例子：David Poyer 的新书出版了吗？

The new Netflix movie comes out in August. Netflix 的新电影将于八月上映。

out (adv): Able to be seen. 能被看到。

Examples: In the afternoon the rain stopped and the sun came out. 例子：下午雨停了，太阳出来了。

It's a clear night and the stars are out. 这是一个晴朗的夜晚，繁星点点。

In Spring tulips and other flowers come out. 春天，郁金香和其他花朵盛开。

out (adv): Used to make the meaning of a word stronger. 用来加强词语的含义。

Examples: Having hiked all day, we were tired out (= very tired) by the time we arrived at our campsite. 例子：徒步走了一整天后，当我们到达营地时，我们已经很累了。

Betty's boss told her that it was up to her to sort out the problem(= deal with it completely). 贝蒂的老板告诉她，解决这个问题必须由她来决定。

out (adv): A distance away from land, a town, or a country. 距离陆地、城镇或国家较远的距离。

Examples: Friends of Sandra live out in the country, 15 km from Ballarat. 例如：桑德拉 (Sandra) 的朋友住在乡下，距巴拉瑞特 (Ballarat) 15 公里。

The farm manager lived out in Zambia for seven years. 农场经理在赞比亚生活了七年。

The fishing boats were out at sea for three days. 渔船出海已经三天了。

The weather's good out west, in WA (= a long distance away in the west of Australia). 西澳大利亚州（WA，距离澳大利亚西部很远的地方）的天气很好。

out (adv): If a light or a fire is out, it is no longer shining or burning. 如果灯或火熄灭了，它就不再发光或燃烧。

Examples: When we got home, all the lights were out. 例子：当我们到家时，所有的灯都灭了。

Is that fire completely out? 火彻底灭了吗？

out (adv): Away from the coast or beach. 远离海岸或海滩。

Examples: Is the tide coming in or going out? 例如：潮水正在涨潮还是退潮？

You can see the beach only when the tide is out. 只有退潮时才可以看到海滩。

out (adv): No longer a secret. 不再是秘密。

Example: The union can't hide its bullying any longer; the secret's out. 例子：工会再也无法掩盖其欺凌行为了；秘密已经被揭露了。

out (adv): For a ball in a sport such as tennis, landing outside one of the lines that mark the court. 对于网球等运动中的球来说，球落在球场的其中一条线之外。

Example: The crowd thought the ball had bounced on the line, but the umpire said it was out. 例如：观众以为球在线上弹起了，但是裁判却说球出界了。

out (adv): Unconscious, or sleeping. 失去意识，或者睡着了。

Examples: David passes out (= loses consciousness) at the sight of blood. 例如：大卫一看到血就昏了过去（= 失去知觉）。

The footballer was kicked in the head, and was out cold (= completely unconscious) for about ten minutes. 这名足球运动员头部被踢，昏迷了大约十分钟。

Alice was tired when she went to bed, and was out in a minute. 爱丽丝上床睡觉时很累，一会儿就睡着了。

out (adv): Not accurate. 不准确。

Examples: Our estimates were out by only a few dollars. 例子：我们的估价只差了几美元。

Frank was a centimetre out in his measurement. 弗兰克的测量结果偏差了一厘米。

Those sales figures were way out (= completely wrong). 那些销售数字完全错误。

out (adv): Finished. 完成的。

Example: The Council think they can complete the road repair before the week's out. 例如：委员会认为他们可以在本周内完成道路修复。

out (adv): Not acceptable. 不可接受。

Examples: Smoking is out within 6 metres of any school entrance. 例如：任何学校入口 6 米范围内禁止吸烟。

The plan of taking on more staff is out until the company has more money. 除非公司有了更多的资金，否则招聘更多员工的计划将不予实施。

Thursday is out because I have to work late, so let's go to the restaurant tomorrow. 星期四因为要工作到很晚所以没去，所以我们明天去餐厅吧。

out (adv): Not fashionable. 不時尚。

Example: Flared trousers like that went out in the 70s. 例如：70 年代流行的喇叭裤。

"out and about" = Away from home. 远离家乡。

Example: Frank and Muriel enjoy going out and about one day every week, usually Wednesday. 例如：弗兰克和穆里尔喜欢每周出去玩一天，通常是星期三。

"out with it!" = Said to someone when you want that person to tell you something that they do not want you to know. 当您想让某人告诉您一些他们不想让您知道的事情时，就可以这么说。

Example: "Out with it, Fred!" said Fred's boss, concerning missing stock. 例如：弗雷德的老板谈到丢失的库存时说：“弗雷德，说出来吧！”

out (v), outs, outing, outed, was outed: To make known the fact that someone is homosexual. 公开某人是同性恋者的事实。

Examples: Outing someone is an invasion of their privacy. 例子：揭露某人的隐私是侵犯其隐私的行为。

The young man hasn't outed himself to his family yet. 这名年轻人尚未向家人公开自己的身份。

out (n), outs (pl): An excuse for avoiding an unpleasant situation. 逃避不愉快情况的借口。

Example: The Government is cunning, arranging the pay negotiations so they have an out if they need it. 例子：政府很狡猾，精心安排薪酬谈判，以便在必要时有出路。

"the outskirts" = Suburbs that are not in the middle of a town. 不在城镇中心的郊区。

Example: For decades, new housing has been built on the outskirts of our big cities, instead of in the centre, where transport and jobs are better. 例如：几十年来，新住房都建在大城市的郊区，而不是交通和就业机会更好的市中心。

"to outlive" = To live longer than. 活得长久。

Example: It's unusual for a parent to outlive their children. 例如：父母比子女活得长久的情况并不常见。

"outstretched" = Held out. 坚持住了。

Example: the starving children stood with their hands outstretched, begging for food. 例如：饥饿的孩子们伸出双手站着乞求食物。

"out of commission" = Broken. 破碎的。

Example: The biggest drill in John's workshop is out of commission because its motor has burned out. 例如：约翰工作室里最大的钻机不能用了，因为其马达烧坏了。

"out of it" = not conscious enough to understand things around you. 没有足够的意识去理解周围的事物。

Example: The teenager was kicked in the head playing footy, then was out of it for more than half an hour, until an ambulance arrived. 例如：这名青少年在踢足球时头部被踢，昏迷了半个多小时，直到救护车赶到。

"out of your league" = too expensive or complicated for you to be part of. 对你来说太昂贵或太复杂了。

Example: Some businesses in Australia would like to manufacture solar panels, but on a huge global scale it's out of their league. 例如：澳大利亚的一些企业想要生产太阳能电池板，但从全球范围来看，这超出了他们的能力范围。

"out of line" = not appropriate. 不合适。

Example: The footy coach was out of line with remarks he made to the opposing team, and was fined $20,000 for his behaviour. 示例：这位足球教练对对方球队的言论不当，因其行为被罚款 20,000 美元。

"out of your mind" = crazy, not thinking clearly. 疯狂，思维不清晰。

Example: When our Government approved a new railway without a cost-benefit analysis, they must have been out of their minds. 例如：当我们的政府在没有进行成本效益分析的情况下批准修建一条新铁路时，他们一定是疯了。

"out of order" = broken, not functioning. 损坏，无法运作。

Example: John drove to his nearest ATM to get some cash, but it was out of order. 例子：约翰开车到最近的 ATM 机去取现金，但是 ATM 机坏了。

"out of place" = not fitting in, not arranged properly. 不合适，排列不合理。

Examples: The European Union president is always well-dressed, with not a hair out of place. 例子：欧盟主席总是衣冠楚楚，头发整齐。

Fred and his girlfriend felt out-of-place at the classy restaurant, because they were dressed very casually. 弗雷德和他的女友在这家高档餐厅里感到格格不入，因为他们的穿着非常随意。

"out of shape" = not in the correct shape. 形状不正确。

Example: The soccer ball developed a leak and went out of shape. 例如：足球漏气了，并且变形了。

"out of sight, out of mind" = If something or someone is not seen for a long time, they are easily forgotten. 如果长时间没有见到某物或某人，就很容易被忘记。

Example: Betty had a wonderful holiday; the worries of work were out of sight, out of mind. 例如：贝蒂度过了一个愉快的假期；工作上的烦恼都消失了。

out (adv): aloud, so other people can hear. 大声说出来，让其他人都能听到。

Example: The girl's mother called out to her at the playground. 例如：女孩的妈妈在操场上叫了她。