第 167 课：更多名词 - 金钱

Lesson 167: More Nouns - Money

account (n), accounts (pl): A record of money a person deposits into a bank. 一个人存入银行的钱的记录。A record of money a person borrows from a bank. 一个人从银行借款的记录。

ATM (= automatic teller machine) (n), ATMs (pl): Aka "hole in the wall". A machine that helps you to withdraw and deposit money, and do other banking. 又称“墙上的洞”。一种可帮助您取款、存款和办理其他银行业务的机器。

balance (n), balances (pl): The difference between credits and debits in an account. 账户中贷方与借方之间的差额。

bank (n), banks (pl): A building in which commercial banking is done. 进行商业银行业务的建筑物。

banking (n, uncountable): The act of operating a bank, or going to a bank. 操作银行或去银行的行为。

banknote (n), banknotes (pl): A small sheet of paper or plastic, printed in a way that is almost impossible to copy, used instead of coins. 一小张纸或塑料片，上面印刷着几乎无法复制的图案，用来代替硬币。

bank charges (n): Money paid to a bank for their services. 为其服务而向银行支付的钱。

banker's draft (n), banker's drafts (pl): Also called a "bank cheque". A cheque produced by the bank, usually from money taken from your own bank account. 也称“银行支票”。由银行签发的支票，通常来自您自己银行账户中的资金。

barter (v), barters, bartering, bartered, was bartered: To buy and sell without using money. 无需使用金钱进行买卖。

bill (n), bills (pl): Same as a banknote. 和钞票一样。

borrow (v), borrows, borrowing, borrowed, was borrowed: To ask for the temporary use of the bank's money. 请求暂时使用银行资金。You repay it over time, and interest is charged by the bank. 您随着时间的推移偿还贷款，银行还会收取利息。

branch (n), branches (pl): A local office of a bank. 银行的当地办事处。

building society (n), building societies (pl): Like a bank, but it is owned by its members (savers and borrowers) and not by shareholders. 类似于银行，但它由其成员（储蓄者和借款人）所有，而不是由股东所有。

cash (n, uncountable): Money that you can touch, notes and coins. 可以触摸的钱，包括纸币和硬币。

cashflow (n, uncountable): Money coming into an account, minus money going out. 账户进账的钱减去账户出的钱。

cashier (n), cashiers (pl): A bank worker who receives and pays out money, and advises customers. 负责收款、付款并为客户提供建议的银行工作人员。

cheque (n), cheques (pl): [US: check, checks]: A written order to a bank to pay money from your account. 向银行发出的从您的账户中付款的书面命令。 Cheques are rarely used these days, with most transfers of money being electronic. 如今，支票已经很少使用，大多数资金转账都是通过电子方式进行的。

coin (n), coins (pl): Small discs of precious metals worth small amounts of money. 价值少量金钱的贵金属小圆盘。 In Australia, coins worth 1 cent and 2 cents are no longer made. 在澳大利亚，已不再铸造1分和2分的硬币。The smallest coin is 5 cents, and the largest, 2 dollars. 最小的硬币面值为5美分，最大的硬币面值为2美元。

counterfeit (adj): Money made in order to deceive people. 为了欺骗人们而赚的钱。 Also (v) counterfeit, counterfeits, counterfeiting, counterfeited, was counterfeited: To make fake money. 就是为了赚假钱。

credit (n), credits (pl): Money in a bank account. 银行账户中的钱。 An amount that is added to a bank account. 添加到银行账户的金额。Money loaned by a bank to a customer. 银行贷给客户的钱。

credit (v), credits, crediting, credited, was credited: To add an amount to a bank account. 向银行账户中存入一定金额。

credit card (n), credit cards (pl): A plastic card from a bank authorising you to buy goods or services on credit. 银行发行的允许您赊购商品或服务的塑料卡。 The amount loaned on the card is usually paid after 50 or 60 days; if it's paid in full each month, no interest is charged. 卡上的贷款金额通常在 50 或 60 天后偿还；如果每月全额偿还，则不收取利息。

currency (n), currencies (pl): Money that is issued by a Government. Examples: dollar, pound, Euro, yen. 政府发行的货币。例如：美元、英镑、欧元、日元。

crypto-currency (n), crypto-currencies (pl): Another form of money that exists only on the Internet, but can be used to buy, sell. borrow and lend. 另一种仅存在于互联网上的货币形式，但可用于买卖、借入和借出。

current account (n), current accounts (pl): [US: checking account]. A bank account from which money may be withdrawn at any time. 可以随时提取资金的银行账户。

debit (n), debits (pl): Money that is owed by a bank account. 银行账户所欠的钱。Money that is subtracted from a bank account. 从银行账户中扣除的钱。Money repaid by a customer to a bank. 客户偿还银行的钱。The opposite of "credit". 与“信用”相反。

debit card (n), debit cards (pl): Used in much the same way as a credit card but instead of receiving credit when making a purchase, the amount is immediately withdrawn from your bank account. 使用方式与信用卡类似，但不是在购买时获得信用，而是立即从您的银行账户中扣除金额。So, there is no credit. 因此，没有信用。

debt (n), debts (pl): The state of owing something (especially money, but it could be a favour). 欠某物的状态（尤其是钱，但也可以是一种恩惠）。

denomination (n), denominations (pl): A number that shows the value of a coin or bill. 表示硬币或纸币价值的数字。 Examples: 20 cents, 100 yuan, 50 Euros. 例如：20美分、100元人民币、50欧元。

deposit (n), deposits (pl): An amount of money placed in a bank account. 存入银行账户的一定金额。 An amount of crypto placed in a crypto wallet. 放置在加密钱包中的一定数量的加密货币。

deposit account (n), deposit accounts (pl): A bank account on which interest is paid; also called a "savings account". 支付利息的银行账户；也称为“储蓄账户”。You can deposit money into it at any time, but you may have to wait weeks or months before withdrawing money from it. 您可以随时将钱存入其中，但可能需要等待数周或数月才能提取资金。

deposit (v), deposits, depositing, deposited, was deposited. To put money or crypto into an account. 将钱或加密货币存入账户。

e-banking (n, uncountable): An abbreviation for "electronic banking". “电子银行”的缩写。 Banking that is done over the Internet, without visiting a branch. 通过互联网进行银行业务，无需前往分行。

foreign (adj): Belonging to a country that is not your own. 属于一个不属于你自己的国家。 So, "foreign currency" is other countries' money. 所以，“外币”就是其他国家的钱。

foreign exchange (n). The process of buying and selling foreign currencies. 买卖外币的过程。 Abbreviated to "Forex". 缩写为“外汇”。

interest (n, uncountable): Money which you pay as a fee for borrowing money. 您为借钱而支付的费用。 Money that a bank or building society pays you for keeping money in a deposit account. 银行或建筑协会因将钱存入存款账户而向您支付的钱。

interest rate (n), interest rates (pl): The percentage of an amount of money which is paid for the use of that money over a period of time. 在一段时期内为使用某笔资金而支付的金额的百分比。Normally expressed "per annum", meaning yearly. 通常表达为“per annum”，即每年。

Internet banking (n): see e-banking above. 请参阅上文的电子银行。

lend (v), lends, lending, lent, was lent. Also written as "loan, loans, loaning, loaned, was loaned". To allow a customer to use money temporarily on the condition that they repay it, with interest. 允许客户暂时使用资金，条件是他们必须偿还资金并支付利息。

A loan may be for a couple of weeks (for example, a "payday loan") or 30 years (a house mortgage). 贷款期限可能是几周（例如“发薪日贷款”）或 30 年（房屋抵押贷款）。

loan (n, v): See "lend". 参见“借贷”。

money (n, uncountable): An item, physical or electronic, that is accepted as payment for goods and services, or for repaying debts. 用来支付货物和服务或偿还债务的实物或电子产品。

mortgage (n), mortgages (pl): A way for people to buy an expensive item, by borrowing money and repaying the loan over many years. 人们通过借钱并分多年偿还贷款来购买昂贵物品的方式。

overdraft (n), overdrafts (pl): A situation in a bank account caused by withdrawing more money than is in it. 由于提取的金额超过银行账户余额而导致的情况。

With the permission of the bank, you may deliberately overdraw, up to a limit. 在银行允许的情况下，你可以故意透支，但不得超过一定限额。

pay (v), pays, paying, paid, was paid: To give someone money that is due for work done or goods supplied. 给予某人因完成工作或生产货物而应得的钱。

pay (n), pays (pl): Money paid to someone for doing work. 因某人完成工作而支付的钱。Also see "salary". 另请参阅“ 薪水 ”。

payee (n), payees (pl). A person to whom money is paid. 收款人。

paying-in slip (n), paying-in slips (pl). A small document recording money that you pay into a bank account. 记录您存入银行账户的款项的一份小文件。 Also called a "deposit slip". 也称为“存款单”。

Hardly ever needed these days, because the bank's computer will print you a record. 现在几乎不需要了，因为银行的计算机会为您打印记录。

pension (n), pensions (pl): A regular payment made during a person's retirement, when they no longer work full-time, or at all. 人们退休后，当其不再全职工作或根本不工作时所进行的定期支付。 Pensions are paid from a Government fund, or from a commercial fund to which the worker makes payments while they are working. 养老金由政府基金或商业基金支付，工人在工作期间向该基金缴纳养老金。

safe (n), safes (pl): A secure lockable box for holding money and valuable items. 一个可上锁的安全盒子，用于存放钱财和贵重物品。

To safely store large items, you can rent space in a bank's safe called a "vault". 为了安全地存储大件物品，您可以租用银行保险箱（称为“金库”）的空间。

salary (n), salaries (pl). A regular payment, usually paid monthly or fortnightly, by an employer to an employee. 雇主向雇员支付的定期款项，通常为每月或每两周支付一次。

save (v), saves, saving, saved, was saved: To not spend money now, but store it for spending some time in the future. 现在不花钱，而是把钱存起来以备将来使用。

savings (n, uncountable): Money that you have saved. 您所节省的钱。

spend (v), spends, spending, spent, was spent: The opposite of save! 与保存相反！

standing order (n), standing orders (pl): An instruction to a bank to make regular payments for you, for example a quarterly bill from your electricity supplier. 指示银行定期为您付款，例如电力供应商的季度账单。

statement (n), statements (pl): A record of transactions in an account. 账户中的交易记录。

teller (n), tellers (pl): Same as "cashier". 与“收银员”相同。

till (n), tills (pl): A machine in a bank or shop that stores money for giving customers change, and scans and totals goods that are bought. 银行或商店里的一台机器，用于存储钱财以便给顾客找零，并扫描和计算所购买商品的总和。

wallet (n), wallets (pl): A flat case small enough to fit in your pocket, used for storing cash and credit cards. 扁平的盒子小到可以放进口袋中，用于存放现金和信用卡。

withdraw (v), withdraws, withdrawing, withdrew, was withdrawn: To take money out of an account, either by e-banking, or by visiting a bank, or by visiting an ATM. 通过电子银行、亲自前往银行或使用 ATM 从账户中取钱。

withdrawal (n), withdrawals (pl): An act of taking out money from an account. 从银行账户中取钱的行为。